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जीएलपी-1 दवाएं (ओज़ेम्पिक, वेगोवी) और आपकी सर्जरी

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If you take a GLP-1 medication (such as semaglutide — Ozempic or Wegovy) and you are having an operation: what these drugs do, why they matter for your anaesthetic (delayed stomach emptying and aspiration risk), and what you should do before surgery.

Updated Sep 2026
एक चिकित्सा इंजेक्शन कलम।
जीएलपी-1 दवाएं तेजी से आम हो रही हैं और सर्जरी और संज्ञाहरण से पहले चर्चा करने लायक निहितार्थ हैं। Kieran Hirpara 4.0

यह पृष्ठ मशीन द्वारा अनूदित है और अभी तक किसी चिकित्सक द्वारा जाँचा नहीं गया है। अंग्रेज़ी संस्करण ही आधिकारिक है।

यह दवा क्या है

जीएलपी- 1 दवाएं दवाओं का एक समूह है जिसे आप ओज़ेम्पिक या वेगोवी जैसे ब्रांड नामों से जानते होंगे। उनका चिकित्सा नाम GLP-1 रिसेप्टर एगोनिस्ट है, जिसका अर्थ है कि वे आपके शरीर में एक प्राकृतिक हार्मोन की नकल करते हैं। लोग उन्हें दो मुख्य कारणों से लेते हैंः टाइप-2 मधुमेह को नियंत्रित करने और वजन कम करने के लिए।

आपके शरीर में, ये दवाएं दो तरह से काम करती हैं। वे आपकी भूख को कम करते हैं, इसलिए आपको खाने की इच्छा कम होती है। वे आपके पेट को खाली करने की गति को भी धीमा करते हैं, इसलिए भोजन आपके पेट में अधिक समय तक रहता है और आप जल्दी से पूर्ण महसूस करते हैं। यही कारण है कि वजन घटाना एक सामान्य प्रभाव है।

यदि आप इनमें से कोई एक दवा लेते हैं और आप एक सर्जरी की योजना बना रहे हैं, तो यह आपकी सर्जिकल टीम के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है। ये दवाएं तेजी से आम हो रही हैं, इसलिए सर्जन एक ऑपरेशन के समय के आसपास अधिक से अधिक रोगियों को उनका उपयोग करते हुए देखते हैं [1]. एक कारण यह है कि वे आपके पेट पर प्रभाव डालते हैं: क्योंकि भोजन धीरे-धीरे खाली हो जाता है, आपकी संज्ञाहरण टीम को आपकी देखभाल की योजना बनाते समय इसके बारे में जानने की आवश्यकता है [2].

इन दवाओं और संयुक्त प्रतिस्थापन सर्जरी पर शोध अभी भी बढ़ रहा है। कुछ अध्ययनों से संभावित लाभों का पता चलता है, जैसे कि हिप या घुटने के प्रतिस्थापन के बाद संक्रमण का कम जोखिम [3], जबकि अन्य निष्कर्ष मिश्रित हैं और अधिक शोध की आवश्यकता है [4]. कोई भी चित्र अभी तक तय नहीं हुआ है।

सर्जरी से पहले आपको अपने दम पर दवा लेना बंद करने की जरूरत नहीं है। वर्तमान सलाह यह है कि प्रक्रिया से पहले इन दवाओं को रोकना अनुशंसित नहीं है, क्योंकि यह आपके रक्त शर्करा नियंत्रण और आपके वजन को प्रभावित कर सकता है [5]. आपकी टीम आपकी विशिष्ट योजना के बारे में आपसे बात करेगी।

यह आपकी सर्जरी और संज्ञाहरण को कैसे प्रभावित करता है

मुख्य बात यह है कि अपने पेट के बारे में पता है. ये दवाएं आपके पेट के खाली होने की गति को धीमा कर देती हैं। इसका मतलब यह है कि भोजन वहाँ उम्मीद से अधिक समय तक रह सकता है, यहां तक कि उपवास करने के बाद भी। यदि आप अपने ऑपरेशन के दौरान सेडेटेड हैं, तो पेट की सामग्री वापस आ सकती है और आपके फेफड़ों में प्रवेश कर सकती है। इसे आकांक्षा कहते हैं। यह किसी भी संज्ञाहरण के साथ एक ज्ञात जोखिम है, और ये दवाएं इसे जोड़ सकती हैं।

आपकी संज्ञाहरण टीम इसे सावधानी से संभालती है। वे आपके ऑपरेशन के आसपास दवा को रोकने और सामान्य से अधिक समय तक उपवास करने के बारे में दिशानिर्देशों का पालन करते हैं। कुछ टीमें प्रक्रिया से पहले एक अल्ट्रासाउंड स्कैन के साथ आपके पेट की भी जांच करती हैं, यह देखने के लिए कि क्या भोजन या तरल पदार्थ अभी भी वहां बैठे हैं। अध्ययनों से पता चला है कि इन दवाओं को लेने वाले अधिकांश लोगों के पेट में सामान्य उपवास के बाद भी कुछ अवशेष भोजन या द्रव रहता है [1]. क्या यह वास्तव में भोजन या द्रव के फेफड़ों में प्रवेश करने का कारण बनता है, यह बहुत कम स्पष्ट है, और उस बिंदु पर शोध असंगत है [1].

वसूली के बारे में कुछ उत्साहजनक खबरें भी हैं। हिप या घुटने के प्रतिस्थापन वाले लोगों को देखने वाले अध्ययनों में पाया गया कि सर्जरी के समय के आसपास इन दवाओं को लेने वाले लोगों में अल्पावधि में आगे की सर्जरी की आवश्यकता में लगातार वृद्धि नहीं हुई थी। [2]. कुछ अध्ययनों में ऑपरेशन के बाद संक्रमण का कम जोखिम भी पाया गया [2]. हाथ की सर्जरी जैसे कार्पल टनल रिलीज के लिए, एक अध्ययन में घाव भरने की समस्याओं में थोड़ी कमी पाई गई, और पहले 90 दिनों में अन्य जटिलताओं में कोई वृद्धि नहीं हुई [3].

आपकी टीम आपके साथ मिलकर इस योजना के लिए काम करती है। इसमें आपका सर्जन, आपका एनेस्थीसियोलॉजिस्ट और यदि आवश्यक हो तो आपके मधुमेह का प्रबंधन करने वाला डॉक्टर शामिल है। लक्ष्य आपके लिए एक योजना है, ताकि आपकी दवा, आपके उपवास के निर्देश और आपके ऑपरेशन सभी सुरक्षित रूप से संरेखित हों। शोधकर्ता अभी भी सर्जरी के आसपास इन दवाओं पर लोगों की देखभाल करने का सबसे अच्छा तरीका काम कर रहे हैं [4], तो आपकी टीम अद्यतित रहेगी और आपको बताएगी कि आपके ऑपरेशन से पहले क्या करना है।

आपको क्या करना चाहिए

यदि आप जीएलपी-1 दवा लेते हैं और आप सर्जरी की योजना बना रहे हैं, तो अपनी देखभाल में शामिल सभी लोगों को बताएं। इसका मतलब है कि आपका सर्जन, आपका एनेस्थेसिस्ट और आपका जी.पी. यह उस डॉक्टर को बताने में भी मदद करता है जिसने दवा निर्धारित की है, क्योंकि वे आपके मधुमेह या वजन योजना का प्रबंधन करते हैं और निर्णय का हिस्सा होंगे।

अपनी दवाइयों को अपने दम पर लेना बंद न करें। यदि आपको लगता है कि इसे रोकना आवश्यक हो सकता है, तो उस डॉक्टर से पूछें जिसने इसे पहले निर्धारित किया था। बिना किसी सलाह के इसे बंद करने से आपके रक्त शर्करा और आपके वजन पर असर पड़ सकता है।

आपकी टीम आपको आपके ऑपरेशन से पहले स्पष्ट निर्देश देगी। इनमें शामिल हो सकते हैं कि क्या दवा को रोकना है, और कितने समय के लिए। वे उपवास को भी कवर करेंगे, जो सामान्य से अधिक समय तक हो सकता है क्योंकि ये दवाएं आपके पेट को धीमा कर देती हैं। उन निर्देशों का लिखित रूप में ठीक से पालन करें।

आपकी देखभाल एक टीम के रूप में की जाती है। चूंकि ये दवाएं आपके पेट को खाली करने के तरीके को प्रभावित करती हैं, इसलिए आपका सर्जन और एनेस्थीसियोलॉजिस्ट आपके मधुमेह का प्रबंधन करने वाले डॉक्टर के साथ मिलकर एक योजना बनाते हैं जो आपके लिए उपयुक्त हो [1]. शोधकर्ता अभी भी सर्जरी के आसपास इन दवाओं पर लोगों की देखभाल करने का सबसे अच्छा तरीका काम कर रहे हैं [2], तो आपकी टीम अद्यतित रहेगी।

यदि कुछ स्पष्ट नहीं है, तो पूछें। जब आपरेशन शामिल हो तो आपकी दवा के बारे में कोई सवाल बहुत छोटा नहीं है।

संदर्भ

[1] हिप और घुटने के आर्थ्रोप्लास्टी पर ग्लूकागॉन-जैसे पेप्टाइड- 1 एगोनिस्ट का प्रभाव और परिचालन संबंधी विचार। द जर्नल ऑफ आर्थ्रोप्लास्टी. 2024. डीओआईः 10.1016/j.arth.2023.12.002

[2] ग्लूकागॉन-जैसे पेप्टाइड- 1 रिसेप्टर एगोनिस्ट द्वारा प्रेरित देरी से गैस्ट्रिक खाली होना और संज्ञाहरण के दौरान पेरिऑपरेटिव जोखिम के लिए इसके निहितार्थ। कोरियन जर्नल ऑफ इंटरनल मेडिसिन२०२६। डीओआईः 10.3904/kjim.2025.277

[3] कुल संयुक्त आर्थ्रोप्लास्टी में ग्लूकागॉन-जैसे पेप्टाइड- 1 रिसेप्टर एगोनिस्टः ऑर्थोपेडिक सर्जनों को क्या पता होना चाहिए की एक व्यापक व्यवस्थित समीक्षा। आर्थ्रोप्लास्टी२०२६। डीओआईः 10.1186/s42836-026-00375-w

[4] आर्थ्रोप्लास्टी में पोस्टऑपरेटिव परिणामों पर ग्लूकागन- लाइक पेप्टाइड- 1 रिसेप्टर एगोनिस्ट्स का प्रभावः एक व्यवस्थित समीक्षा। द जर्नल ऑफ आर्थ्रोप्लास्टी2025 तक। डीओआईः 10.1016/j.arth.2025.07.015

[5] GLP-1 रिसेप्टर एगोनिस्ट का परिधीय उपयोग: ANZCA क्लिनिकल प्रैक्टिस अनुशंसाएँ. एएनजेसीए. 2025.

[6] जीएलपी-1 रिसेप्टर एगोनिस्ट के परिचालन संज्ञाहरण प्रबंधनः संभावित जोखिमों की एक व्यवस्थित समीक्षा। परिचालन चिकित्सा२०२६। डीओआईः 10.1186/s13741-026-00662-9

[7] कार्पल टनल रिलीज़ के बाद पोस्टऑपरेटिव परिणामों पर पेरिऑपरेटिव ग्लूकागन- लाइक पेप्टाइड- 1 रिसेप्टर एगोनिस्ट्स का प्रभाव। जर्नल ऑफ हैंड सर्जरी ग्लोबल ऑनलाइन2025 तक। डीओआईः 10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100746

[8] जीएलपी-1 एगोनिस्ट: मरीजों के लिए एक नई आशा, एनेस्थेसियोस्ट के लिए एक नई चुनौती। एनेस्थेसियोलॉजी गहन चिकित्सा2025 तक। डीओआईः 10.5114/ait/203167

Reviewed by Kieran Hirpara · 13 June 2026.

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Evidence & references

This is the clinical evidence summary written for health professionals. It is technical, and it lists the research this page was built from. You do not need to read it to understand your treatment or to make a decision about it.

Overview

  • Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists induce delayed gastric emptying [1].
  • The pharmacological mechanisms of GLP-1 RA-induced delayed gastric emptying have clinical implications for perioperative aspiration risk during anesthesia [1].
  • Interdisciplinary collaboration between endocrinologists and anesthesiologists is emphasized for safe and individualized perioperative management of patients on GLP-1 RAs [1].
  • GLP-1 agonists may not produce sufficient weight loss to achieve body mass index cutoffs for total joint arthroplasty depending on individual patient factors, including starting bodyweight [2].
  • Further high-quality studies are called for to address the optimal perioperative care of patients on GLP-1RAs due to their increasing popularity in patients with obesity [3].
  • Conflicting findings in the literature highlight the need for further research, particularly well-designed multicenter studies and randomized controlled trials, to clarify the effects of GLP-1 RAs on surgical outcomes [4].
  • Arthroplasty surgeons will encounter an increasing number of patients on GLP-1 agonists [5].
  • It is important for arthroplasty surgeons to understand the implications of GLP-1 agonist use in the perioperative period [5].
  • GLP-1 agonist use should not be a contraindication for proceeding with total shoulder arthroplasty based on data showing no association with adverse events following shoulder surgery [6].
  • Elective preprocedural cessation of GLP-1RAs and GLP-1/GIPRAs is not recommended due to insufficient data supporting cessation and risks of hyperglycaemia and compromised weight control [7].
  • The variability in available studies, potential confounding factors, and severe heterogeneity of conclusions emphasize the need for more high-quality evidence-based primary research to optimize perioperative management of patients taking GLP-1 RAs [8].
  • GLP-1 agonists have effects on bone health that are relevant to perioperative patients undergoing orthopedic surgery, with an emphasis on spine surgery [9].
  • GLP-1RA use suggests a potential benefit for optimizing high-risk patients who have obesity or diabetes undergoing total joint arthroplasty [10].

Effects on Surgery and Recovery

Perioperative Anesthesia and Gastric Emptying

  • Authors call for further high-quality studies to address the optimal perioperative care of patients on GLP-1RAs due to their increasing popularity in patients with obesity [3].
  • Available observational evidence suggests that extended GLP-1 RA withholding, 24-hour clear liquid diets, and pre-procedural gastric POCUS may be associated with reduced residual gastric content in selected patient populations [14].

Arthroplasty Outcomes

  • Arthroplasty surgeons will encounter an increasing number of patients on GLP-1 agonists, making it important to understand the implications of their use in the perioperative period [5].
  • Conflicting findings highlight the need for further research, particularly well-designed multicenter studies and randomized controlled trials, to clarify the effects of GLP-1 RAs on surgical outcomes in arthroplasty [4].
  • Findings suggest a potential benefit of GLP-1RA use for optimizing high-risk patients who have obesity or diabetes undergoing total joint arthroplasty [10].
  • While GLP-1 receptor agonists show potential to reduce postoperative complications in total joint arthroplasty, findings remain inconsistent, and further research is needed to clarify their impact on outcomes and establish perioperative management guidelines [11].
  • Preoperative glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use may be linked to reduced readmission risk following joint arthroplasty, without evidence of increased postoperative medical harm [12].
  • Semaglutide and other GLP-1 agonists may increase the number of eligible candidates for elective total joint arthroplasty by enabling weight loss and improving diabetic control [13].
  • Semaglutide and other GLP-1 agonists may potentially reduce postoperative complications such as sepsis and prosthetic joint infections [13].
  • Current observational data suggest that perioperative GLP-1 RA use in patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty is not associated with a consistent increase in short-term revision rates [16].
  • Current observational data suggest that perioperative GLP-1 RA use in patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty may be associated with a reduced risk of postoperative infection [16].

Other Orthopedic Procedures

  • Based on data from a systematic review and meta-analysis, GLP-1 agonist use should not be a contraindication for proceeding with total shoulder arthroplasty [6].
  • Perioperative GLP-1RA use was associated with a small yet statistically significant reduction in the odds of wound dehiscence following carpal tunnel release [15].
  • Perioperative GLP-1RA use did not increase the odds of any other 90-day postoperative complications following carpal tunnel release [15].

Bone Health

  • A narrative review explores the mechanisms of action of GLP-1 agonists, their effects on bone health, and the implications of their use in perioperative patients undergoing orthopedic surgery, with an emphasis on spine surgery [9].
  • Exenatide is the best option agent with regard to the risk of fracture [17].

Practical Considerations

Perioperative Anesthesia and Gastric Emptying

  • Delayed gastric emptying induced by GLP-1 RAs has implications for perioperative aspiration risk during anesthesia [1].

Medication Management

Arthroplasty Outcomes and Eligibility

  • Conflicting findings highlight the need for further research, particularly well-designed multicenter studies and randomized controlled trials, to clarify the effects of GLP-1 RAs on surgical outcomes [4].

Shoulder Surgery

Bone Health and Spine Surgery

Key Evidence

  • [L4] This review summarizes the pharmacological mechanisms and clinical implications of GLP-1 RA-induced delayed gastric emptying, evaluates current literature on perioperative aspiration risk, and emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between endocrinologists and anesthesiologists to ensure safe and individualized perioperative management. [1] (10.3904/kjim.2025.277)
  • [Paper] While efficacious, GLP-1 agonists may not produce sufficient weight loss to achieve body mass index cutoffs for total joint arthroplasty depending on individual patient factors, including starting bodyweight. [2] (10.2106/jbjs.rvw.23.00167)
  • [L4] Due to the increasing popularity of GLP-1RAs in patients with obesity, the authors call for further high-quality studies to address the optimal perioperative care of patients on GLP-1RAs. [3] (10.5114/ait/203167)
  • [L4] However, conflicting findings highlight the need for further research, particularly well-designed multicenter studies and randomized controlled trials, to clarify the effects of GLP-1 RAs on surgical outcomes. [4] (10.1016/j.arth.2025.07.015)
  • [L5] Arthroplasty surgeons will encounter an increasing number of patients on GLP-1 agonists, making it important to understand the implications of their use in the perioperative period. [5] (10.1016/j.arth.2023.12.002)
  • [L1] Based on this data, GLP-1 agonist use should not be a contraindication for proceeding with TSA. [6] (10.1016/j.jse.2025.12.005)
  • [L2] The variability in available studies, potential confounding factors, and the severe heterogeneity of conclusions all emphasize the need for more high-quality evidence-based primary research to optimize perioperative management of patients taking GLP-1 RAs. [8] (10.1186/s13741-026-00662-9)
  • [L4] This narrative review explores the mechanisms of action of GLP-1 agonists, their effects on bone health, and the implications of their use in perioperative patients undergoing orthopedic surgery, with an emphasis on spine surgery. [9] (10.1177/15563316261438492)
  • [L1] These findings suggest a potential benefit of GLP-1RA use for optimizing high-risk patients who have obesity or diabetes undergoing total joint arthroplasty. [10] (10.1016/j.arth.2025.09.054)
  • [L5] The paper concludes that while GLP-1 receptor agonists show potential to reduce postoperative complications in total joint arthroplasty, findings remain inconsistent, and further research is needed to clarify their impact on outcomes and establish perioperative management guidelines. [11] (10.1016/j.arth.2025.10.027)
  • [L1] Preoperative glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use may be linked to reduced readmission risk following joint arthroplasty, without evidence of increased postoperative medical harm. [12] (10.1016/j.arth.2025.11.036)
  • [L5] Semaglutide and other GLP-1 agonists may increase the number of eligible candidates for elective total joint arthroplasty by enabling weight loss and improving diabetic control, while also potentially reducing postoperative complications such as sepsis and prosthetic joint infections. [13] (10.1016/j.arth.2023.12.014)
  • [L4] Available observational evidence suggests that extended GLP-1 RA withholding, 24-hour clear liquid diets, and pre-procedural gastric POCUS may be associated with reduced residual gastric content in selected patient populations. [14] (10.7759/cureus.108216)
  • [L3] Perioperative GLP-1RA use was associated with a small yet statistically significant reduction in the odds of wound dehiscence following CTR and did not increase the odds of any other 90-day postoperative complications. [15] (10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100746)
  • [L4] Current observational data suggest that perioperative GLP-1 RA use in patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty is not associated with a consistent increase in short-term revision rates and may be associated with a reduced risk of postoperative infection. [16] (10.1186/s42836-026-00375-w)
  • [L1] Exenatide is the best option agent with regard to the risk of fracture. [17] (10.1007/s00198-018-4649-8)

References

[1] Delayed gastric emptying induced by glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and its implications for perioperative risk during anesthesia. The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine. 2026. DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2025.277

[2] Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Agonists. JBJS Reviews. 2024. DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.23.00167

[3] GLP-1 agonists: a new hope for patients, a new challenge for anaesthetists. Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy. 2025. DOI: 10.5114/ait/203167

[4] Impact of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Postoperative Outcomes in Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review. The Journal of Arthroplasty. 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2025.07.015

[5] The Impact of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists on Hip and Knee Arthroplasty and Perioperative Considerations. The Journal of Arthroplasty. 2024. DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.12.002

[6] GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy is not associated with adverse events following shoulder surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 2026. DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2025.12.005

[7] Periprocedural use of GLP-1 receptor agonists: ANZCA Clinical Practice Recommendations. ANZCA. 2025.

[8] Perioperative anesthesia management of GLP-1 receptor agonists: a systematic review of potential risks. Perioperative Medicine. 2026. DOI: 10.1186/s13741-026-00662-9

[9] GLP-1 Agonists in Orthopedic Surgery: A Narrative Review of Bone Health and Surgical Implications. HSS Journal. 2026. DOI: 10.1177/15563316261438492

[10] The Impact of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use on Clinical Outcomes After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 346,899 Patients. The Journal of Arthroplasty. 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2025.09.054

[11] Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Have We Found the Holy Grail for Total Joint Arthroplasty?. The Journal of Arthroplasty. 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2025.10.027

[12] Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Readmission, and Postoperative Complications in Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Journal of Arthroplasty. 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2025.11.036

[13] Semaglutide and Other GLP-1 Agonists: A Boon for the Arthroplasty Industry?. The Journal of Arthroplasty. 2024. DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.12.014

[14] Peri-Procedural Fasting and Gastric Ultrasound Strategies in Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist Users: A Systematic Review With Qualitative Synthesis. Cureus. 2026. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.108216

[15] Impact of Perioperative Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Postoperative Outcomes Following Carpal Tunnel Release. Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online. 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100746

[16] Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in total joint arthroplasty: a comprehensive systematic review of what orthopaedic surgeons should know. Arthroplasty. 2026. DOI: 10.1186/s42836-026-00375-w

[17] Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and fracture risk: a network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Osteoporosis International. 2018. DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4649-8

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