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Hand

Hand and finger problems grouped by theme — tendons, nerves, arthritis, lumps and cysts, infections and injuries — with each condition beside the operation that treats it.

Understanding your hand

آپ کا ہاتھ کیسے کام کرتا ہے Hand anatomy – bones of the wrist, palm, and fingers – understanding the structure supports diagnosis. Open →

Tendon problems

ٹرگر انگلی Trigger finger causes painful catching or locking of a finger, often treated with splinting or steroid injection. Open → ٹرگر فنگر ریلیز Trigger finger release — understanding the condition, conservative treatments, and surgical options for a stuck or clicking finger. Open → مارلیٹ فنگر Mallet finger causes fingertip drooping after extensor tendon injury; splinting is key, surgery occasionally needed. Open → جرسی فنگر (فلیکسور ٹینڈنٹ اوولشن) The deep flexor tendon avulses off the fingertip — why it is time-critical, and the surgery to reattach it. Open → ساگٹال بینڈ ریپچر (باکسر کا مفصل) A knuckle injury where the tendon slips off the top of the joint — the "boxer's knuckle" — and how early splinting or surgery treats it. Open → بوٹنیئر کی خرابی Extensor central-slip injury at the middle finger joint; early splinting prevents the zigzag deformity, established cases need surgery. Open → انگلی کی سوان گردن کی خرابی A finger that hyperextends at the middle joint and bends at the tip — why it happens and how splints or surgery can correct it. Open → ایکسٹینسر ٹینڈنٹ کی مرمت Open → فلیکسور ٹینڈنٹ کی مرمت Open →

Nerve problems & repairs

کمپریشن نیوروپیتھیز Hand numbness, tingling, or weakness – understanding carpal tunnel, cubital tunnel, and other compression neuropathies. Open → ہاتھ کی رگ اور اعصاب کی چوٹیں Hand tendon and nerve injuries – understanding symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Open → Remplir اعصابی لفافہ Open →

Arthritis & joint replacement

بنیادی انگوٹھے کے گٹھیا Basal thumb arthritis — causes, symptoms, non-surgical options, and when surgery might help. Open → ٹرپیزیکٹومی Open → ٹچ انگوٹھے کی آرتھروپلاسٹی Open → پائروکاربن انٹرپوزشن آرتھروپلاسٹی Open → DIPJ گٹھائی Open → ڈی آئی پی مشترکہ فیوژن DIP joint fusion stabilizes and reduces pain in the fingertip joint, often for arthritis or mallet finger. Open → پی آئی پی مشترکہ آرتھرائٹس Osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthritis of the PIP joint — non-operative and surgical options. Open → پی آئی پی مشترکہ فیوژن PIP joint fusion stabilizes a severely damaged middle finger joint, relieving pain when other treatments fail. Open → پی آئی پی مشترکہ تبدیلی PIP joint replacement addresses painful arthritis in the middle finger joint when non-surgical options fail. Open → Knuckle مشترکہ متبادل (MCPJ) Open →

Lumps, cysts & Dupuytren's

ڈوپائیٹرین کی بیماری Dupuytren’s disease causes palm thickening and finger contracture—options range from observation to needle aponeurotomy or surgical excision. Open → ڈوپوئٹرین کی فاسسیکٹومی Dupuytren’s fasciectomy — correcting hand contractures to improve function and daily activities. Open → موکوسس سسٹ Mucous cysts – common bumps near finger joints, often linked to arthritis, and treatment options. Open → Mucus Cyst Excision (مقامی فلاپ کے ساتھ) Open → فلیکسور ٹینڈون شیٹ گینگلیئن A benign, fluid-filled cyst arising from the flexor tendon sheath – often painless, but can cause clicking or limited finger movement. Open → فلیکسور ٹینڈون شیٹ گینگلیئن ایکسشن Excision of a flexor tendon sheath ganglion — when surgery is considered for painful or limiting cysts. Open → ٹینڈون شیٹ کا وشال سیل ٹیومر (انگلی یا انگوٹھے پر گانٹھ) A giant cell tumour of tendon sheath is a common, benign (non-cancerous) lump on a finger or thumb. What causes it, how it is diagnosed and removed, and how often it comes back. Open → ٹینڈون شیٹ کے وشال سیل ٹیومر کا اخراج Open →

Infections

ہاتھ کے انفیکشن Paronychia, deep-space and flexor sheath infections — recognition, antibiotics, drainage. Open → Felon (فنگر ٹپ پلس انفیکشن) Open → ایک مجرم کا نالی کرنا Open → پیرونیکیا (نکل کے ساتھ انفیکشن) Open → ایک Acute Paronychia کی نکاسی Open → دائمی Paronychia کے لئے Eponychial Marsupialisation Open → متاثرہ فلیکسور شیٹ (پائیوجینک فلیکسور ٹینوسینوائٹس) Open → متاثرہ فلیکسور شیٹ کا نالی Open →

Fractures & ligament injuries

انگلی کی فریکچر Phalangeal and metacarpal fractures of the hand — non-operative care and indications for fixation. Open → Metacarpal فریکچر (باکسر فریکچر سمیت) A broken hand bone in the palm — including the common boxer's fracture — how it is treated, the rotation check that matters most, and recovery. Open → انگوٹھے UCL چوٹ Open → انگوٹھے UCL مرمت Open → انگلیوں کی چوٹیں Crush, laceration, nail-bed and amputation injuries of the fingertip and their management. Open → انگلی کی نوک کی مرمت اور تعمیر نو Open →

Hand health & medical conditions

طبی حالات جو ہاتھ کو متاثر کرتے ہیں How whole-body conditions — diabetes, thyroid, inflammatory arthritis, kidney disease and more — show up in the hand. Open → حمل اور ہاتھ کی حالت Carpal tunnel in pregnancy and de Quervains "mummy thumb" — why they happen, what is safe, and when they settle. Open → رینو کا رجحان Fingers that go white, blue then red in the cold — primary vs secondary Raynaud's, keeping warm, and when it needs assessment. Open →

Recovery and rehabilitation

آرم سلنگ پہننا اور اس میں سونا How to sleep in an arm sling, get the sling position right, and look after it after shoulder, elbow or wrist surgery, including whether to keep the sling on overnight. Open → آپ کے آپریشن کا دن What to expect on the day of day-case upper-limb surgery, from arrival and meeting the team to waking up and going home. Open → آپ کے زخم کی جانچ اور سلائی ہٹانا What happens at the post-op wound check, dissolvable vs removable stitches, what removal feels like, and when to seek help sooner. Open → آپ کے زخم کی دیکھ بھال Massage, silicone, sun protection and the 12-month timeline for surgical scars to soften and fade. Open → آپ کے کندھے اعصاب بلاک The nerve block we use for shoulder surgery — how it numbs your arm, why it controls pain so well, and what to expect as it wears off. Open → آپریشن سے پہلے روزہ رکھنا: آپ کیا کھا سکتے ہیں اور کیوں؟ Why you must stop eating before an anaesthetic, when you can still sip water, and what can happen if you do not fast. The clear fasting rules that keep your stomach empty and your lungs safe during surgery. Open → آپریشن کے بعد پرواز اور سفر Clot risk, cast tightness at altitude, fitness to fly and the practicalities of travelling after upper-limb surgery. Open → اپنے زخم کی دیکھ بھال Dressings, showering, and signs of infection after upper-limb surgery. Open → حرارت بمقابلہ برف When ice helps, when heat helps, and how to use either safely on the upper limb. Open → دماغ، تناؤ اور صحت یابی How stress, low mood, anxiety and worry about pain affect recovery and surgical outcomes — and what helps. Open → سرجری کی تیاری General checklist for the days before upper-limb surgery — fasting, what to bring, medications. Open → سرجری کے ارد گرد خون کو پتلا کرنے والے How anticoagulants and antiplatelets work, and why the timing of stopping each before surgery differs — platelet turnover, half-lives and clot risk. Open → سرجری کے بعد درد کا انتظام کرنا What pain to expect, how to use pain relief well, and when to call. Open → سرجری کے بعد سوجن اور بلندی Why a hand or arm swells after surgery, how elevation and gentle movement control it, and when swelling is a warning sign. Open → سرجری کے بعد قبض اور آنتوں کی دیکھ بھال Why constipation is common after surgery (especially with strong painkillers) and how to prevent and manage it. Open → شفا کے لئے اچھی طرح سے کھانا Everyday food to support recovery after surgery — protein, energy, healing vitamins, and preventing constipation. Open → نیند، درد اور بحالی How sleep and pain affect each other, why surgery and shoulder problems disturb sleep, and what helps you rest and recover. Open → کام پر واپسی When you can return to desk, light, and heavy work after upper-limb surgery. Open → کندھے اور بازو کی سرجری کے بعد ڈرائیونگ: یہ کب محفوظ اور قانونی ہے؟ After most shoulder surgery, including rotator cuff repair, you usually cannot drive for about six weeks, and not while your arm is in a sling. When it is safe and legal to get back to the wheel after hand, wrist, elbow or shoulder surgery. Open → کندھے کی سرجری کے بعد روزمرہ کی زندگی Washing, dressing, sleeping and managing day-to-day with the operated arm in a sling after shoulder surgery. Open → کندھے کی سرجری کے بعد میلاٹونن Why we prescribe melatonin after shoulder surgery, what the trial evidence shows, the dose we use, and what to expect from it. Open → کھیلوں میں واپسی Phased return to sport after upper-limb surgery, and when contact sport is safe again. Open → کیا میرا زخم متاثر ہوا ہے؟ How to tell normal healing from a wound infection after surgery — the warning signs and when to seek help. Open → گھر میں خون کے جمنے کی روک تھام Reducing the risk of deep vein thrombosis after upper-limb surgery — mobilisation, hydration, medication. Open → گھر میں کاسٹ اور سپلنٹ کی دیکھ بھال Looking after a plaster or splint at home — keeping it dry, elevation, keeping joints moving, and the urgent signs of a too-tight cast. Open → ہاتھ، کلائی یا کہنی کی سرجری کے بعد روزمرہ کی زندگی Keeping a hand or wrist dressing dry, elevation to control swelling, and one-handed living after hand, wrist or elbow surgery. Open → ہینڈ تھراپی کی بنیادی باتیں What to expect from hand therapy, how often you'll go, and what good rehab looks like. Open →

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