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آپ کے کندھے اعصاب بلاک

اعصابی بلاک جو ہم کندھے کی سرجری کے لئے استعمال کرتے ہیں - یہ آپ کے بازو کو کس طرح بے ہوش کرتا ہے، یہ درد کو اتنی اچھی طرح سے کیوں کنٹرول کرتا ہے، اور اس کے ختم ہونے کے بعد کیا توقع کی جائے۔

ایک اینستھیزسٹ کی تصویر جس میں ایک مریض کی گردن کے ایک طرف ایک الٹراساؤنڈ سینڈ کا استعمال کرتے ہوئے ، کلائی ہڈی کے بالکل اوپر ، اعصاب کو روکنے کے لئے۔
ایک الٹراساؤنڈ گائیڈڈ بلاک: مقامی بیہوش کرنے والا اعصاب کے ارد گرد صرف کلائی ہڈی کے اوپر رکھا جاتا ہے ، جو کئی گھنٹوں تک پورے بازو کو بے ہوش کرتا ہے۔ Kieran Hirpara 4.0

اس صفحے کا ترجمہ مشین سے کیا گیا ہے اور ابھی تک کسی ڈاکٹر نے اس کی جانچ نہیں کی۔ انگریزی نسخہ ہی مستند ہے۔

تقریبا تمام کندھے کے آپریشن ایک کے ساتھ کئے جاتے ہیں اعصابی بلاک اس کے ساتھ ساتھ ایک ہلکا عام اینستھیٹک. آپریشن کے بعد آپ کو آرام دہ اور پرسکون رکھنے کے لئے بلاک ہمارے پاس واحد سب سے مؤثر چیز ہے، اور یہ سمجھنے کے قابل ہے کہ کیا منصوبہ بنایا گیا ہے تاکہ اس میں سے کوئی بھی حیرت کے طور پر نہ آئے۔

کیا اعصاب بلاک ہے

آپ کے بازو کو سپلائی کرنے والے تمام اعصاب آپ کی کلائی کی ہڈی کے بالکل اوپر ایک تنگ بنڈل سے گزرتے ہیں۔ الٹراساؤنڈ مشین کا استعمال کرتے ہوئے یہ دیکھنے کے لئے کہ وہ بالکل کہاں پڑے ہیں، اینستھیزسٹ اس بنڈل کے ارد گرد مقامی اینستھیٹک کی ایک چھوٹی سی مقدار رکھتا ہے۔ یہ ایک کہا جاتا ہے سپراکلاویکولر بلاک- جی ہاں . یہ آپ کے پورے بازو سے آنے والے درد کے اشاروں کو کئی گھنٹوں کے لیے بند کر دیتا ہے، آپ کے آپریشن اور آپ کی صحت یابی کے پہلے حصے کے لیے کافی وقت، جب درد دوسری صورت میں شدید ہوتا۔

آپ آپریشن کے دوران بیدار نہیں ہیں. آپ کو عام طور پر آپریشن کے دوران سونے کے لئے بلاک کے اوپر ہلکا عمومی بیہوشی دی جائے گی۔ بلاک درد کو دور کرتا ہے؛ عام اینستیک آپ کو آرام سے نیند میں رکھتا ہے.

کیوں ہم آپ کے کندھے کے لئے اس کا استعمال

ایک اچھا بلاک ایک انجکشن کے قابل numbing کے کہیں زیادہ کرتا ہے:

  • یہ درد کو گولیاں یا اکیلے ایک عام اینستیک سے بہتر کنٹرول کرتا ہے. مطالعے کے بعد مطالعے میں، جو مریضوں کے پاس براکیئل پلکسس بلاک ہے ان کے کندھے کی سرجری کے بعد پہلے گھنٹوں میں کم درد کے اسکور ہوتے ہیں اور انہیں بہت کم مضبوط درد کی دوا کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے۔ ایک جائزہ جس میں 36 الگ الگ ٹرائلز اور 3000 سے زائد مریضوں کو شامل کیا گیا جنہوں نے کندھے کی کیچ ہول سرجری کی تھی، اس نے پایا کہ اس طرح کے براکیئل پلکسس بلاکسس نے درد کے اسکور کو کم کیا اور بعد میں لوگوں کو درکار مضبوط اوپیئڈ درد کش ادویات کی مقدار کو بھی کم کیا۔
  • یہ ہمیں ایک ہلکا عام بیہوشی دینے کی اجازت دیتا ہے. چونکہ درد کا سب سے زیادہ بوجھ بلاک کر رہا ہے، آپ عام طور پر صاف ستھری حالت میں جاگتے ہیں، کم بے ہوشی اور کم متلی کے ساتھ۔
  • اس سے آپ کو کتنی مقدار میں اوپیئڈ (مضبوط درد کش ادویات) کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے اس میں کمی آتی ہے۔ اس کا مطلب یہ ہے کہ کم ضمنی اثرات (کم قبض، نیند اور متلی) اور ہموار جلد بحالی.
  • یہ آپ کو آرام دہ اور پرسکون، موبائل اور گھر جلد ملتا ہے.

یہ کیسا محسوس ہوتا ہے

انجکشن کے لگ بھگ 20 سے 30 منٹ کے اندر اندر، بازو بھاری، گرم، بے حس اور کمزور ہو جاتا ہے۔ آپ اسے اٹھا نہیں سکیں گے یا اسے محسوس نہیں کر سکیں گے، اور آپ اپنی انگلیوں کو حرکت نہیں دے سکیں گے۔ یہ بالکل وہی ہے جو ہونا ہے. بے حسی عام طور پر 8 سے 18 گھنٹوں تک ہوتی ہے، کبھی کبھار ایک دن تک۔ یہ مکمل طور پر عارضی ہے: مکمل احساس اور حرکت ہمیشہ واپس آتی ہے۔

کیوں آپ ایک پھینکنا پہنتے ہیں

جب کہ بلاک کام کر رہا ہے، آپ کا بازو بے حسی کا شکار ہے اور اس کی اپنی کوئی طاقت نہیں ہے۔ اس کی حفاظت اور حفاظت کے لئے اس کی پٹائی کی گئی ہے، تاکہ یہ پھسل نہ سکے، لٹک نہ سکے یا ٹکر نہ لگے، اور اس لئے آپ کسی ایسے بازو پر جھکیں یا رول نہ کریں جسے آپ محسوس نہیں کر سکتے۔ [ صفحہ ۲۱ پر تصویر] اسے ایک ایسے عضو کی دیکھ بھال کے طور پر سمجھیں جو ابھی تک اپنا خیال نہیں رکھ سکتا۔

وہ چیزیں جو آپ محسوس کر سکتے ہیں (یہ عام ہیں)

چونکہ جو اعصاب ہم بے حس کرتے ہیں وہ گردن کے چند دیگر اعصاب کے قریب ہوتے ہیں، آپ اس طرف کچھ بے ضرر عارضی اثرات محسوس کر سکتے ہیں:

  • ایک جھکی ہوئی یا بھاری پلک، اور کبھی کبھی ایک ہلکی سی خون کی آنکھ
  • ہلکی سی آواز یا ناک کی بندش کا احساس
  • ایک احساس ہے کہ آپ مکمل طور پر مکمل گہری سانس نہیں لے سکتے ہیں (بلاک اس طرف آپ کے پھیپھڑوں کے نیچے کی پٹھوں کو تھوڑی دیر کے لئے خاموش کر سکتا ہے)

ہم جو سپراکلاویکولر نقطہ نظر استعمال کرتے ہیں وہ جزوی طور پر اس وجہ سے منتخب کیا جاتا ہے کہ یہ گردن میں اونچے مقام پر رکھے گئے بلاکس کے مقابلے میں ان اثرات کو کم کثرت سے پیدا کرتا ہے۔ وہ سب بلاک کے ساتھ ساتھ ختم ہو جاتے ہیں، اور علاج کی ضرورت نہیں ہے.

جب بلاک ختم ہوجاتا ہے آپ کی گولیاں جلد شروع کریں

یہ صحیح حاصل کرنے کے لئے سب سے اہم حصہ ہے.

بلاک پہلے 8–18 گھنٹے کے لئے بہترین ہے، اور پھر احساس واپس سیلاب آتا ہے، اکثر راتوں رات. [ صفحہ ۲۲ پر تصویر] اسے کہتے ہیں ریبوڈ درد، اور یہ لوگ باہر پکڑتا ہے کیونکہ وہ پہلے سے اتنا آرام دہ محسوس کیا.

چال سادہ ہے: درد کے لئے انتظار نہیں کرتے. اپنے معمول کے درد کی گولیاں لے لو پہلے بازو مکمل طور پر جاگ جاتا ہے: ہم آپ کو ایک اندازہ دیں گے کہ یہ کب ہوگا ، اور پہلے دو دن تک انہیں باقاعدگی سے لیتے رہیں ، یہاں تک کہ جب بازو اب بھی بے حس ہے۔ مریض جو اس سے آگے رہتے ہیں ان کی پہلی رات زیادہ ہموار ہوتی ہے۔ وہ مریض جو درد کے شروع ہونے کا انتظار کرتے ہیں، وہ چند گھنٹوں تک اس درد سے نمٹنے میں صرف کرتے ہیں۔

ہمیں کال کریں، یا مدد طلب کریں، اگر

  • آپ کا سانس لینا واقعی مشکل محسوس ہوتا ہے یا خراب ہوتا جا رہا ہے (آپ کے پھیپھڑوں کو نہ بھرنے کا ہلکا سا احساس متوقع ہے؛ سانس لینے کے لئے حقیقی جدوجہد نہیں ہے: جائزہ لیں)
  • آپ کا بازو اب بھی مکمل طور پر بیہوش اور تقریبا 24–30 گھنٹے سے زیادہ فلاپ
  • آپ کی انگلیاں موڑ دیں سفید، ٹھنڈا یا نیلا، یا آپ کو سینے میں درد ہو جاتا ہے

بلاک کے ختم ہونے کے ساتھ عام ریبوڈ درد کے ل your ، اپنی گولیاں لیں اور اس سے آگے رہیں: یہ اگلے ایک یا دو دن میں طے ہوجاتا ہے۔


Evidence & references

This is the clinical evidence summary written for health professionals. It is technical, and it lists the research this page was built from. You do not need to read it to understand your treatment or to make a decision about it.

Key Evidence

Brachial plexus blocks reduce pain and opioid use after shoulder surgery. Regional anaesthesia is the cornerstone of modern shoulder-surgery analgesia. A current review of regional techniques for shoulder surgery describes the supraclavicular brachial plexus block as an effective approach that provides dense analgesia of the arm while producing fewer of the unwanted neck-related effects (hoarseness, Horner's syndrome, diaphragm involvement) seen with higher interscalene blocks [1]. Across the broader literature, peripheral nerve blocks consistently lower early post-operative pain scores and reduce opioid consumption compared with general anaesthesia or local infiltration alone [2,3,5].

The benefit is largest in the first hours and translates into better recovery quality. A systematic review and meta-analysis in Anesthesiology found brachial plexus and suprascapular blocks deliver clinically meaningful analgesia for shoulder surgery, supporting their routine use [2]. A focused review of regional blocks for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair reached the same conclusion: blocks improve early pain control and reduce rescue-opioid requirements [3]. Longer-acting block formulations further extend the pain-free window after shoulder replacement [4].

Rebound pain is real and is best managed by pre-emptive oral analgesia. Because a single-shot block wears off after roughly 8–18 hours, patients can experience a sharp surge of pain as sensation returns — usually overnight. A two-centre randomised controlled trial and the wider rebound-pain literature emphasise that patient education and starting regular analgesia before the block resolves are central to a smooth recovery [6]. This is why patients are advised to begin their prescribed pain tablets early rather than waiting for pain to arrive.

References

  1. Zhang LL, Sinha SK, Murthi AM. Current Strategies in Regional Anesthesia for Shoulder Surgery. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2025;33(14):761-9. doi:10.5435/JAAOS-D-24-00738
  2. Hussain N, Goldar G, Ragina N, et al. Suprascapular and Interscalene Nerve Block for Shoulder Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Anesthesiology. 2017;127(6):998-1013. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000001894
  3. Kim TY, Hwang JT. Regional nerve blocks for relieving postoperative pain in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Clin Shoulder Elb. 2022;25(4):339-46. doi:10.5397/cise.2022.01263
  4. Finkel KJ, Walker A, Maffeo-Mitchell CL, et al. Liposomal bupivacaine provides superior pain control compared to bupivacaine with adjuvants in interscalene block for total shoulder replacement: a prospective double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2024;33(7):1512-20. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2023.12.014
  5. Liu Z, Li YB, Wang JH, et al. Efficacy and adverse effects of peripheral nerve blocks and local infiltration anesthesia after arthroscopic shoulder surgery: A Bayesian network meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022;9:1032253. doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.1032253
  6. Uppal V, Barry G, Ke JXC, et al. Reducing rebound pain severity after arthroscopic shoulder surgery under general anesthesia and interscalene block: a two-centre randomized controlled trial of pre-emptive opioid treatment compared with placebo. Can J Anaesth. 2024;71(6):773-83. doi:10.1007/s12630-023-02594-0

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2. You may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.

3. If requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.

4. If You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.

Section 4 -- Sui Generis Database Rights.

Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:

a. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database for NonCommercial purposes only;

b. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and

c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.

For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.

Section 5 -- Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.

a. UNLESS OTHERWISE SEPARATELY UNDERTAKEN BY THE LICENSOR, TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, THE LICENSOR OFFERS THE LICENSED MATERIAL AS-IS AND AS-AVAILABLE, AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND CONCERNING THE LICENSED MATERIAL, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHER. THIS INCLUDES, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES OF TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, ABSENCE OF LATENT OR OTHER DEFECTS, ACCURACY, OR THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF ERRORS, WHETHER OR NOT KNOWN OR DISCOVERABLE. WHERE DISCLAIMERS OF WARRANTIES ARE NOT ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS DISCLAIMER MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.

b. TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, IN NO EVENT WILL THE LICENSOR BE LIABLE TO YOU ON ANY LEGAL THEORY (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY, OR OTHER LOSSES, COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THIS PUBLIC LICENSE OR USE OF THE LICENSED MATERIAL, EVEN IF THE LICENSOR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES, COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES. WHERE A LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IS NOT ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.

c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.

Section 6 -- Term and Termination.

a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.

b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:

1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or

2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor.

For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.

c. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.

d. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.

Section 7 -- Other Terms and Conditions.

a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.

b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.

Section 8 -- Interpretation.

a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.

b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.

c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.

d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.


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