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Latarjet手术

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Latarjet procedure — bone block transfer for recurrent shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss.

Updated May 2026
一幅手绘插图,描绘了一名橄榄球运动员在擒抱时护住肩膀的场景。
Latarjet术后X线片:两颗螺钉将转移的喙突骨块固定于肩盂前方,恢复骨量并防止肱骨头脱位。 Kieran Hirpara 4.0

本页面由机器翻译,尚未经临床医生审核。英文版本为权威版本。

为何建议进行此手术

您的外科医生可能建议您进行此手术,因为您的肩关节反复脱位(前向不稳),且其他治疗未能提供足够的缓解。虽然接受此手术的大多数患者预后良好,但少数患者可能因个人健康状况而非不稳严重程度而出现较差结果。当物理治疗等非手术选项未能阻止肩关节脱位时,通常推荐进行此手术。

此手术的主要目标是提供比其他修复术更高的稳定性,显著降低肩关节再次脱位的风险。大多数患者在 2.7 ± 3.0 个月后恢复工作,8 个月时有 73% 的患者恢复了其主要运动。尽管总体并发症发生率为 18.6%,但需要进一步手术的严重事件仅占 4.9%。您的外科医生旨在恢复您的肩关节功能并预防未来脱位,以便您能回归日常活动和运动。

手术前

您需要在手术前禁食,并遵医嘱停用某些药物。请安排人送您回家,并携带一份您目前的用药清单,穿着舒适的衣物。您可能需要进行X光、MRI扫描、血液检查或麻醉评估,以评估您的健康状况并规划手术。您的外科医生将采用关节镜(微创)方法进行操作,通过两个或三个小切口,并在关节内放置一个小摄像头。这种方法有助于在保持切口较小的同时恢复稳定性。

手术当天

您将抵达医院,并向您的外科医生团队报到。在手术前,您将会见麻醉师,以讨论您的护理计划。本手术采用全身麻醉联合区域神经阻滞进行。您在手术期间将完全处于睡眠状态,而神经阻滞(在苏醒前注射以麻醉供应手臂的神经)可在术后最初12至24小时内提供镇痛效果。麻醉师将在手术前与您会面,并向您详细解释这两个部分。

您的外科医生将通过关节镜技术进行该手术,使用两到三个小切口,并将一个小摄像头置入关节内。随后,您将被移至手术室,由团队为您做好手术准备。手术结束后,您将在复苏区苏醒,护士将监测您的舒适度及生命体征。您将留在此处,直至情况稳定并准备好回家或返回病房。

手术内容

您的外科医生将采用关节镜技术(即小切口手术)进行此手术。他们会在您的肩部前方做两到三个小切口,每个切口长约1厘米。通过这些微小的开口,插入小型摄像头和特殊器械以观察关节内部。

在您的肩部内部,您的外科医生将修复导致不稳定的撕裂组织和骨骼。他们会将受损结构重新固定到骨骼上以恢复稳定性。修复完成后,小切口将通过缝合线或医用胶封闭,并敷上敷料以保护该区域。该手术旨在为复发性肩关节不稳定提供比其他常见修复术更高的稳定性。

术后

您将在复苏室苏醒,在那里您的疼痛将得到管理。您的肩膀将被敷料包裹并置于吊带或支具中。大多数患者在术后在医院留宿一晚,尽管有些人可以在当天回家。您必须有人在最初24小时内陪伴您。您可以在手术后不久开始轻轻活动手臂。您的外科医生采用了关节镜入路,这意味着他们做了两到三个小切口,并在您的关节内使用了一个微型摄像头。

恢复

手术后,您的肩部可能会出现疼痛和肿胀。这是正常的,因为您的身体正在从小型钥匙孔切口愈合。您的外科医生会指导您使用冰敷和药物来控制不适。

在最初几周内,您需要佩戴吊带以保护肩部,直至其愈合。您需要进行轻柔的物理治疗练习,以确保手臂安全活动。大多数人发现,用枕头垫高上半身比平躺更容易入睡。您的外科医生会告知您何时可以安全地停止使用吊带并开始更主动的活动。

随着肿胀消退和力量恢复,您将逐步恢复日常活动。您将从简单的活动开始,如进食和穿衣,然后过渡到更复杂的动作。您的物理治疗师将帮助您逐步重建肩部的活动范围。每个人的愈合速度不同,因此您的恢复时间表可能与他人不同。您的外科医生和物理治疗团队将指导您度过恢复的每一个阶段。

可能出现的问题

大多数患者恢复良好,但偶尔也会出现一些问题。您的外科医生和医疗团队会密切监测您,以便尽早发现任何异常。

如果您注意到小切口周围出现扩散性红肿,或持续不退的发热,请立即联系您的外科医生。这些症状可能意味着感染正在发生。您可能会感到剧烈的搏动性疼痛,且普通止痛药无法缓解。

有时,用于修复肩部的骨移植物可能会引起问题。您可能会感到关节内出现新的弹响或摩擦感,或发现肩部感觉僵硬和紧绷。如果出现这种情况,请在下次复诊时告知您的外科医生,以便其检查移植物的位置。

在极少数情况下,肩部可能会再次脱位。您在活动手臂时可能会感到突然的“砰”声,或感觉关节不稳定。如果发生这种情况,请立即联系诊所以讨论后续步骤。

随着时间的推移,肩部可能会出现或加重磨损性关节炎。您可能会感到钝痛,且在活动时加重,或在尝试抬起手臂时感到僵硬。大多数情况下,这种关节炎程度较轻,但您应向您的外科医生提及任何新出现的疼痛。

女性在此手术后可能需要比男性更频繁地前往急诊科。如果您出现突然肿胀、剧烈疼痛或其他令人担忧的症状,请勿等待。请立即前往急诊科或联系您的外科医生。

如需具体数据,请参阅本页的并发症表格,其中列出了典型的发生率。

何时联系我们

如果您出现发热、伤口红肿加重或渗出,或突发剧烈疼痛,请立即联系我们。若发现小腿肿胀、呼吸困难、感觉丧失或手臂无法活动,请立即前往急诊。虽然严重并发症罕见,但这些症状需要紧急评估。您的主刀医生希望确保您的康复进程顺利。


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