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钩骨钩切除术

Updated Sep 2026
Illustration: wrist

本页面由机器翻译,尚未经临床医生审核。英文版本为权威版本。

为何建议进行此手术

Dr Kieran Hirpara 是 Mater Private Hospital Rockhampton 的上肢外科医生,他会根据您的具体损伤选择治疗方案。钩骨钩是您手腕中的一块小骨头,位于手掌的小指一侧。切除这块骨头的骨折部分称为钩骨钩切除术。我们通常先尝试非手术治疗,例如石膏或夹板,当这种治疗未能带来足够改善时才考虑手术。对于某些急性骨折,可能会建议直接手术。患者通常由全科医生(GP)转诊到我们诊所;如果是物理治疗师建议您来看我们,您仍需要全科医生开具转诊信,才有资格获得 Medicare 报销。诊所评估包括询问病史、体格检查以及在需要时进行影像检查,以明确诊断。

这一手术旨在缓解疼痛并恢复正常的手部功能。它常用于需要用力抓握的运动员,例如棒球运动员。有记录显示94.5%的患者重返赛场。许多人在术后5到7周之间恢复运动。我们会与您讨论这一手术是否适合您,并一起做出决定。

手术前

手术前,您需要做一些影像检查,以便我们规划手术。可能包括X光片、MRI扫描(一种能详细显示骨骼和软组织的扫描)或超声检查。大多数患者不需要做其他检查。如果您患有其他疾病,可能需要验血或接受麻醉医生(为您实施麻醉的医生)的评估。请在就诊时带上一份您目前所有药物的清单。外科医生会告诉您手术前需要停用哪些药物以及何时停用。手术前七小时内请不要进食或饮水。我们要求七小时而不是六小时,是为了在手术排程提前时可以把您的手术提前。请安排好术后有人开车送您回家。手术当天请穿着宽松舒适的衣服。

手术当天

您会到达医院的手术入院部。工作人员会在那里为您办理登记,并做好进入手术室的准备。然后您会见到麻醉医生,也就是为您实施麻醉的医生。这一手术在全身麻醉下进行。手术过程中您会完全入睡。有些患者还可能接受区域神经阻滞,用于术后止痛;麻醉医生会在当天根据您的个人情况决定。

之后,您会被送入手术室进行手术。手术结束后,您会在复苏区醒来。护士会在麻醉药效消退期间在那里监护您。一旦情况稳定,您会转入病房或回家。具体是哪一种,取决于手术类型和您的恢复情况。

手术内容

外科医生会在您手掌小指一侧、靠近手掌根部的位置,正对钩骨钩做一个切口。钩骨钩是一小块弯曲的骨头,位于手掌深处。通过这个切口,外科医生会仔细找到尺神经和尺动脉——这两个重要结构紧贴钩骨钩走行——并在整个手术过程中保护它们的安全。

接下来,外科医生会把骨折的骨块从附着在它上面的软组织中分离出来并切除。然后把剩余骨头的边缘修整光滑,使您的肌腱能够在上面滑动而不会被卡住。屈曲手指的肌腱就在这块骨头附近走行,粗糙的边缘会刺激它们,因此把边缘修整光滑很重要。

然后外科医生会用缝线关闭切口。伤口上会覆盖敷料,我们会告诉您何时可以取下。

从您的角度来看,手术本身很简单:您处于睡眠状态,骨折的骨块被取出,您在复苏区醒来时手掌上会有一个带衬垫的敷料。

术后

醒来后,您会被转到复苏病房,护士会查看您的情况并让您保持舒适。我们会给您止痛药,让情况保持平稳,大多数人发现不适感很轻,并会在最初几天内缓解。您的手上会有带衬垫的敷料,术后不久您就可以轻轻活动手指。这通常是日间手术,所以您可以预期当天回家,不过偶尔也有患者需要住院一晚。敷料会保留大约10天;除非我们另有指示,否则请不要在此之前自行取下。我们会在见到您时更换或取下敷料。请安排好有人在您回家后的最初24小时内陪伴您。

恢复

大多数人发现,骨折的骨块被切除后,手掌的疼痛会稳步缓解。不适感通常很轻,会在最初几天内减轻。伤口周围有一些肿胀和压痛是正常的。让手休息、尽可能抬高,并服用我们给您的止痛药,都会有所帮助。

您回家时手掌上会有带衬垫的敷料。请保持敷料清洁干燥,并在我们见到您之前不要取下。术后不久您就可以轻轻活动手指,在恢复过程中轻柔的活动会有帮助。术后的手部治疗由 Extend Rehabilitation 的 Ruby Doolan 负责。Ruby 是一名手部治疗师:她会指导您进行锻炼,并为您制作所需的夹板。在家里,一旦您感觉舒适,就可以用手术侧的手做一些轻松的日常事务,但在治疗师和我们许可之前,请避免用力抓握、提重物和运动。

恢复的里程碑很简单。一旦伤口感觉舒适,并且您能够抓握和转动方向盘而无需保护手部,通常就可以重新驾车了;请参阅我们关于上肢手术后驾驶的页面。随着肿胀消退和握力恢复,您可以逐步恢复体力劳动、运动和健身。当疼痛和力量不再改善时,就达到了最终结果。

恢复情况因人而异。您的恢复时间可能有所不同,我们和您的手部治疗师会在整个过程中为您提供指导。

可能出现的问题

大多数患者恢复良好,但偶尔也会出现问题。外科医生和医疗团队会密切观察您,以便及早发现任何问题。

我们主要留意的是伤口本身的问题。这可能表现为从切口向外扩散的发红,或该部位摸起来比周围皮肤更热。敷料上有液体或清亮的渗出物也可能是一个征象。如果您发现其中任何一种情况,请致电诊所,不要等到下次就诊。

疼痛不符合通常的规律,也是需要报告的情况。这一手术后的不适感通常很轻,会在最初几天内缓解。如果出现简单止痛药无法缓解的深部搏动性疼痛,或疼痛越来越重而不是好转,就值得打个电话。请告诉我们您的感受以及开始的时间,如有需要我们会提前为您复诊。

由于神经和血管紧贴被切除的骨头走行,小指和无名指的感觉或颜色变化也很重要。如果出现麻木、针刺感,或手指看起来苍白或发青,应立即报告。在工作时间请致电诊所;如果发生在夜间或周末,请前往急诊科。

早期伤口周围有一些压痛和肿胀是正常的。但如果肿胀突然加重,或手部感觉紧绷发硬而不只是有些浮肿,就应该检查。请尽快告诉我们。

如果您觉得恢复过程中有任何不对劲,请相信自己的直觉并联系我们。及早检查一个小担忧,总比日后处理一个大问题容易。

如果您想了解具体数字,本页的并发症表列出了典型的发生率。

何时联系我们

如果您发烧,或伤口变得更红、更热或渗液更多,请致电我们。如果疼痛突然明显加重,请致电我们。如果您的小腿出现肿胀或疼痛,或呼吸急促,请前往急诊。如果您的小指或无名指麻木、变色,或您无法活动手指,请前往急诊。如果感觉有任何不对,请相信这种感觉并联系我们。


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