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杜普伊特伦筋膜切除术

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Dupuytren’s fasciectomy — correcting hand contractures to improve function and daily activities.

Updated Aug 2026
一幅手绘插图,展示了一只术后休息的手,手掌包裹着柔软的手术敷料,手指自然伸直。
在杜普伊特伦筋膜切除术后,病变的索带已被移除;手部包裹在软性敷料中,伸直的手指正在恢复。 Kieran Hirpara 4.0

本页面由机器翻译,尚未经临床医生审核。英文版本为权威版本。

为何建议进行此手术

本页面反映了罗克汉普顿 Mater 私人医院上肢外科医生 Kieran Hirpara 博士在门诊中处理此病的方式。掌腱膜部分切除术是 Dupuytren 挛缩最常见的治疗选择。我们认为这是该疾病最可靠的长期治疗方案。您通常通过全科医生或物理治疗师的转诊来到我们的门诊。门诊评估用于确立诊断。对于病程较长的病例,我们通常首先尝试非手术治疗。当非手术治疗未能带来足够改善时,我们才会考虑手术。

该手术通过一个常规切口切除手掌下增厚的组织。这有助于矫正畸形并改善手部功能。手术仍是进行性病例的金标准治疗方法。部分腱膜切除术目前仍是 Dupuytren 挛缩最可靠的长期治疗方案。Dupuytren 手部挛缩患者在手术改善或矫正畸形后,可获得显著的功能获益。我们的目标是恢复您手部的正常功能。

手术前

您的外科医生将安排血液检查或麻醉评估等检查,以确保您适合接受手术。请在就诊前禁食六小时。仅在您的外科医生给出具体指示后,方可停用抗凝药物。请将所有当前服用的药物清单带给您的就诊医生。请穿着宽松、舒适的衣物,以便轻松穿脱。您必须安排他人接送回家,因为术后您无法驾驶车辆。我们通过开放手术进行此操作,在手上做一个单一切口。这种方法使我们能够仔细松解导致您手指挛缩的紧绷组织。

手术当天

您将在手术当天上午抵达医院或手术中心。我们的一名团队成员将为您办理入院手续并协助您安顿舒适。您将与麻醉师会面,讨论您的镇痛和睡眠方案。本手术将在全身麻醉下进行。手术期间您将完全入睡。部分患者可能还会接受区域神经阻滞以用于术后镇痛——麻醉师将根据您的具体情况在手术当天决定。

准备就绪后,您将被送入手术室。您的外科医生将在手术部位使用单一常规切口进行开放式腱膜切除术。该入路允许仔细松解导致您手指弯曲的紧张组织。手术完成后,您将在复苏区苏醒。我们的护理人员将监测您的舒适度,并在您准备回家前确保您生命体征稳定。

手术内容

您的外科医生将行有限性掌腱膜切除术,这是治疗进行性杜氏挛缩最常见的术式。该开放手术将在手掌侧做一个切口。通过此切口,外科医生可触及牵拉手指呈弯曲状态的增厚组织索(掌腱膜)。

采用改良 McCash 技术,外科医生将在最小化解剖分离的情况下松解这些紧张的索条。该方法有助于伸直手指并改善手部功能。目标是矫正畸形,使您能够更正常地使用手部。松解完成后,切口以缝线闭合,并敷料包扎。

该手术通常作为日间手术进行,即您将在当天出院。它被认为是治疗杜氏挛缩一种可靠的长期治疗方法。虽然存在显著的并发症风险,但手术在手功能改善和疾病控制方面提供了显著益处。外科医生将根据您的具体情况调整松解范围。

术后

您将在复苏室苏醒。大多数患者术后需住院一晚,但部分患者可于当天出院。您的手部将进行包扎,并使用吊带或支具固定。我们通过常规药物控制疼痛。术后24小时内必须有人陪同。早期进行轻柔的手指活动以保护握力。本手术采用开放入路,在手术部位做单一常规切口。通常在1至2周内可恢复驾驶,前提是伤口舒适,且无需保护患手即可握持并转动方向盘。若使用夹板,则必须等到拆除后方可驾驶。详见上肢手术后驾驶

恢复

您将在手掌处有一个切口,我们将在此处切除增厚的组织。在最初几天,您的手可能会感到肿胀和僵硬。这是正常的。我们使用含有肾上腺素的局部麻醉剂来帮助控制手术过程中的疼痛。一些患者发现围手术期使用皮质类固醇有助于改善早期活动并减轻不适,但我们将讨论最适合您的方案。

我们采用开放手术方式,通过一个常规切口进行手术。这种方法允许我们以最小的解剖分离来松解紧绷的索带,从而减少术后疼痛并降低出血风险。您需要抬高患手以帮助消肿。在前几个晚上睡觉时,请用枕头垫高手部。

术后手部康复由 Extend Rehabilitation 的 Ruby Doolan 负责。您的治疗师将指导您进行温和的练习以恢复活动度。您可能需要在夜间佩戴夹板,但我们不会长期进行刚性固定。在您的外科医生允许之前,请避免用力抓握或提举重物。通常在伤口感觉舒适且您能够无痛地握住方向盘后的一到两周内,即可恢复驾驶。如果您佩戴着夹板,在夹板拆除前请勿驾驶。

您的恢复过程是独特的。您的时间线可能会有所不同;您的外科医生和物理治疗师将根据您手部对治疗的反应为您提供指导。

可能发生的问题

大多数患者恢复良好,但偶尔也会出现并发症。您的外科医生和医疗团队会密切监测您,以便尽早发现任何问题。

病情复发 您可能会注意到手掌中的紧绷条索或肿块再次变紧。手指可能会逐渐向内弯曲,导致难以将手平放在桌面上。这是因为即使经过手术,疾病仍可能复发。在显微镜下,无论是新发问题还是旧病复发,组织改变的表现是相同的。如果您感觉这种紧绷感再次出现,请在下次复诊时告知我们。我们可以讨论是否需要进一步治疗。

需要进一步治疗 有时,首次手术未能完全解决问题,或者病情复发。您可能会发现日后需要再次接受手术。这可能包括二次手术或注射治疗以改善挛缩。如果您感觉手指活动度不如预期,或疼痛再次出现,请告知我们。我们将评估您的恢复情况,并决定是否有必要采取额外措施。

与其他方法的比较

与针刀松解或酶注射相比,手术通常需要再次干预的可能性较低。然而,在治疗后的数年内,复发仍然常见。如果您注意到僵硬或弯曲再次出现,请不要等到下一次预定复诊。请联系诊所,以便我们评估您的手部情况。

本页的并发症表格列出了典型的发生率,供您参考具体数据。

何时联系我们

如果您出现发热、伤口红肿加重或渗出,请立即联系我们。若突发剧烈疼痛、小腿肿胀或呼吸困难,请寻求急诊救治。如果您感觉丧失或手部无法活动,请立即与我们联系。我们希望确保您的康复进程顺利进行。一旦出现上述症状,请勿等待。


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