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Bali sa talus

Updated Sep 2026
Illustration: ankle

Ang pahinang ito ay isinalin ng makina at hindi pa nasusuri ng isang doktor. Ang bersyong Ingles ang siyang opisyal.

Ang iyong nararamdaman

Ang talus fracture ay isang bali sa isang maliit na buto sa kaloob-looban ng iyong bukung-bukong. Ang talus ay matatagpuan sa pagitan ng iyong shin bone (buto sa binti) at ng iyong heel bone (buto sa sakong), at pinagdurugtong nito ang dalawang ito. Dahil nasa pagitan ito ng dalawang butong ito, ang sakit ay karaniwang nararamdaman sa malalim na bahagi ng bukung-bukong at hindfoot sa halip na sa isang partikular na tuldok na maaari mong ituro.

Lalong lumalala ang sakit kapag naglalagay ka ng bigat sa iyong paa. Ang paglalakad, pagtayo, pagtulak para umakyat ng hagdan, o pagpihit ng bukung-bukong ay karaniwang nagpapalala nito. Ang pagpapahinga habang nakataas ang paa ay nakakatulong upang kumalma ito. Madalas na namamaga ang bukung-bukong at hindfoot, at ang pamamaga ay maaaring magdulot ng sikip sa mga sapatos. Maraming tao ang nakararamdam ng paninigas ng bukung-bukong paggising o pagkatapos maupo nang matagal.

Nagiging mahirap ang mga pang-araw-araw na gawain na nangangailangan ng matatag at mobile na bukung-bukong. Maaari kang mahirapan sa paglalakad patungo sa letterbox, pagtayo sa kitchen bench, o pagmamaneho. Ang pagtulak ng shopping trolley o pagbangon mula sa sahig ay maaaring maging mahirap dahil hindi kayang dalhin ng iyong paa ang iyong bigat nang pantay.

Ang ilang talus fracture ay may kasamang iba pang pinsala sa parehong bukung-bukong. Karaniwan ang pinsala sa cartilage sa talus kapag bali ang bukung-bukong, at maaari itong patuloy na magdulot ng sakit kahit maghilom na ang buto. Kung nararamdaman mong bumibigay ang iyong bukung-bukong o patuloy itong namamaga pagkatapos ng isang pinsala, maaaring pahiwatig ito ng pinsala sa cartilage o maluwag na mga ligament sa labas ng bukung-bukong. Ang isang piraso ng buto (flake of bone) mula sa outer ankle bone na may kasamang namamagang hindfoot ay isang pattern na nais suriin nang mabuti ng iyong surgeon.

Ang mga bali na ito ay maaaring madaling makaligtaan. Ang mga plain X-ray ay hindi nakikita ang halos kalahati ng mga pinsala sa cartilage sa bukung-bukong, kahit pa isama ito sa isang pagsusuri. Ang CT scan ay nagpapakita ng bali na buto sa detalyadong paraan ngunit hindi nito kayang ipakita ang cartilage. Ang MRI scan ay nagpapakita ng parehong cartilage at ng buto sa ilalim nito, at tumutugma ito nang malapit sa nakikita ng isang surgeon kapag tumitingin sa loob ng joint gamit ang camera.

Kung ang iyong sakit ay nasa malalim na bahagi ng bukung-bukong pagkatapos ng isang pagpihit, pagkahulog mula sa mataas na lugar, o aksidente sa kotse, huwag itong pilitin. Humingi ng wastong pagsusuri.

Ano ang aktwal na nangyayari

Ang talus ay isang maliit na buto na matatagpuan sa isang masikip na espasyo sa pagitan ng iyong shin bone (buto sa binti) sa itaas at ng iyong heel bone (buto sa sakong) sa ibaba. Wala itong sariling kalamnan at nababalutan ng makinis na cartilage sa kalakhan ng ibabaw nito. Isipin ito bilang isang matigas na piraso ng tisa na naipit sa isang vice: kapag ang iyong paa ay napilitang maitulak paitaas at ang bukung-bukong ay naipit, ang buto ay maaaring magbitak sa pagitan ng dalawang butong umiipit dito.

Ang iba't ibang bali ay nagmumula sa iba't ibang puwersa. Ang isang malakas na paglapag kung saan ang paa ay nakatupi paitaas at gumulong papasok ay maaaring magpapatid ng isang maliit na piraso ng buto sa panlabas na bahagi ng talus. Ang isang malakas na pagpihit o isang paang naitulak nang masyadong malayo sa isang direksyon ay maaaring magpabali ng maliliit na piraso sa likuran ng talus. Kapag ang bukung-bukong ay nadurog nang diretso sa gitna, ang pangunahing katawan ng talus ay maaaring mahati, at kung ang panloob na buto ng bukung-bukong ay nabali rin sa parehong oras, ang bitak ay maaaring tumagos sa dalawa.

Ang problema sa mga baling ito ay ang mga bagay na nagagambala nito. Ang talus ay tumutulong sa pagbuo ng dalawang gumaganang joint, at anumang pirasong mabali ay maaaring maiwan na maluwag sa loob ng joint, kung minsan ay nababaligtad sa crater kung saan ito nagmula. Ang mga maluwag na piraso at hindi pantay na ibabaw ng joint ay nagkikiskisan sa halip na dumulas, kaya nananatiling matigas at masakit ang bukung-bukong matagal pa matapos ang pinsala. Kung ang bali ay malalang wala sa puwesto, o ang buto ay tuluyang nadulas palabas ng joint, ang suplay ng dugo sa talus ay maaaring magambala, at bahagi ng buto ay maaaring mamatay. Ang napinsalang cartilage at isang joint na hindi na nakalinya nang maayos ay maaaring humantong sa wear-and-tear arthritis sa bukung-bukong sa paglipas ng panahon.

Ito rin ang dahilan kung bakit sineseryoso ang mga fracture na ito kahit tila maliit lamang ang mga ito. Ang isang maliit na bitak sa panlabas na bahagi ng talus ay isang kilalang pinsala sa snowboarding, at kung ito ay hindi napansin o nahuli ang paggamot, ang joint sa ibaba ng bukung-bukong ay maaaring malubhang mapudpod. Ang maagang pagbabalik ng mga piraso sa kanilang puwesto, at ang pagdurugtong muli ng mga ibabaw ng joint nang pantay, ay nagbibigay sa bukung-bukong ng pinakamahusay na pagkakataon na gumalaw nang normal nang walang sakit.

Ano ang maaari naming gawin tungkol dito

Ang mga X-ray ang karaniwang panimula, at ang CT scan o MRI scan ay nagbibigay ng mas malapit na pagsusuri sa buto at cartilage kapag kailangang maging mas malinaw ang larawan.

Ang ilang talus fractures ay stable at nananatili sa puwesto. Para sa mga ito, maaaring hindi na namin kailangang mag-opera. Ang bukung-bukong ay pinapanatiling hindi gumagalaw sa isang cast o brace upang ang buto ay makapaghilom, at hindi mo muna itatapak ang paa habang nangyayari ito. Ang haba ng panahon sa cast ay depende sa bali. Para sa ilang stable ankle fractures, ang tatlong linggo sa cast o brace ay kasing-epektibo ng anim na linggo para sa mga sintomas at kung ano ang pakiramdam ng bukung-bukong pagkalipas ng isang taon, kaya hindi namin laging kailangan ang mas mahabang panahon. Ang physiotherapy ay isinasagawa habang naghihilom ang buto, upang maibalik ang paggalaw, lakas, at balanse.

Kung ang bali ay naglipat sa mga piraso palabas ng puwesto, o ang joint surface ay hindi na makinis, karaniwang inirerekomenda agad ang operasyon. Ang layunin ay pagdugtungin muli ang mga piraso ng buto at ibalik ang hugis ng talus upang ang mga joint surface ay maglinya muli. Dahil ang bawat fracture pattern ay magkakaiba, maingat naming pinaplano ang operasyon bago kami magsimula, at ang plano ang nagdidikta kung paano namin maaabot ang buto. Ang ilang bali ay nangangailangan ng mga plate o maliliit na wire upang hawakan ang mga piraso habang ang mga ito ay naghihilom. Kung may piraso ng cartilage at buto na kumalas sa joint, maaari namin itong ibalik o pakinisin ang surface. Kapag ang pinsala sa cartilage ay hindi gumaling sa mas simpleng gamutan, ang isang maliit na plug ng iyong sariling buto at cartilage ay maaaring ilipat sa damaged spot.

Ilang fractures ang nagdudulot ng problema kalaunan sa kabila ng mabuting pangangalaga sa simula. Kung ang bahagi ng talus ay mawalan ng supply ng dugo at mamatay, o ang bukung-bukong ay mauwi sa masakit at pudpod na hugis, mayroon pa ring mga opsyon. Kabilang dito ang paglilinis ng joint, bone grafting, o pag-fuse ng mga buto upang ang mga masasakit na surface ay hindi na magkiskisan. Pinag-uusapan namin ang lahat ng ito kasama ka bago ang anumang hakbang, at ang desisyon ay gagawin mo kasama kami.

Ano ang dapat asahan

Karamihan sa mga talus fracture ay gumagaling sa pamamagitan ng paggamot, at maraming tao ang nakakabalik sa paglalakad at sa mga pang-araw-araw na aktibidad. Kung gaano kaayos ang paggana ng iyong bukung-bukong pagkatapos ay nakadepende nang malaki sa kung gaano kalala ang pinsala sa buto at kung gaano kabilis naibalik sa pwesto ang mga piraso nito. Ang mga bali na maagang naibalik sa posisyon, kung saan ang mga joint surface ay nakalinya nang maayos, ay nagbibigay sa iyong bukung-bukong ng pinakamagandang pagkakataon na gumalaw nang normal nang walang sakit.

Ang ilang mga fracture ay mas seryoso kaysa sa iba. Kung ang buto ay malalang wala sa pwesto, o tuluyang naitulak palabas ng joint, maaaring mawalan ng supply ng dugo at mamatay ang bahagi ng talus, at ang bukung-bukong ay maaaring magkaroon ng wear-and-tear arthritis sa paglipas ng panahon. Kahit may maayos na paggamot, nananatiling karaniwan ang mga problemang ito, at ang isang maliit na grupo ng mga tao na may malalang pinsala ay naiiwang may patuloy na sakit at paninigas na naglilimita sa mga bagay na maaari nilang gawin. Ang pagdadala ng sobrang timbang ay nagdudulot din ng pagkakaiba: ang mga taong may obesity ay may tendensiyang magkaroon ng mas maraming sakit, mas mahinang function, at mas maraming problema sa pang-araw-araw na buhay pagkatapos gamutin ang isang ankle fracture.

Kung ang mga piraso ay hindi kailanman naibalik sa pwesto, o naantala ang paggamot, ang outlook ay karaniwang mas malala. Ang isang joint na hindi na nakalinya nang maayos ay nagkikiskisan sa halip na dumudulas, at ang pinsala sa cartilage mula sa pagkikiskisang iyon ay maaaring patuloy na magdulot ng sakit matagal na matapos gumaling ang buto mismo. Ang mga maliliit na bali sa panlabas o likurang gilid ng talus ay maaaring madaling makaligtaan, at kung ang mga ito ay huli nang natukoy o hindi sapat ang paggamot, maaari itong magdulot ng pangmatagalang kapansanan sa joint sa ibaba ng bukung-bukong.

Ang paggaling ay unti-unti sa halip na mabilis. Maglalaan ka ng oras na hindi itatapak ang paa habang gumagaling ang buto, pagkatapos ay magtatrabaho sa paggalaw, lakas, at balanse. Ang bukung-bukong ay maaaring manatiling matigas at namamaga sa loob ng ilang buwan, at maaaring matagalan bago mo ito mapagkatiwalaan sa hindi pantay na lupa. Ang ilang mga tao ay nababalik ang parehong antas ng sports na mayroon sila bago ang pinsala. Ang iba naman ay naiiwang may bukung-bukong na kumikirot pagkatapos ng mahabang araw o sa malamig na panahon. Ang iyong surgeon ay makikipag-usap sa iyo tungkol sa kung alin sa mga landas na ito ang malamang para sa iyong partikular na bali, at kung ano ang maaaring gawin sa proseso kung ang bukung-bukong ay hindi gumaling gaya ng inaasahan.

Kailan dapat magpatingin

Magpatingin agad pagkatapos ng anumang mabigat na paglapag, pagpilipit, pagkahulog mula sa mataas na lugar o aksidente sa kotse na nag-iiwan ng malalim na sakit sa bukung-bukong, lalo na kung mabilis na namamagâ ang hindfoot o pakiramdam ay hindi matatag ang bukung-bukong. Huwag nang hintayin kung huhupa ito. Humingi ng pagsusuri ng isang espesyalista kung ang iyong bukung-bukong ay patuloy na bumibigay, patuloy na namamagâ, o ang sakit ay hindi humuhupa sa pamamagitan ng pahinga, dahil ang pinsala sa cartilage at maluwag na mga ligament sa labas ng bukung-bukong ay karaniwan sa mga pinsalang ito at madaling makaligtaan. Ang mga plain X-ray ay hindi nakikita ang halos kalahati ng mga pinsala sa cartilage kahit may pagsusuri, kaya maaaring kailanganin ang isang MRI scan. Pumunta sa emergency department kung ang iyong bukung-bukong ay labis na namamagâ at deformado, o kung hindi mo talaga ito malagyan ng anumang bigat, dahil ang isang malalang displaced talus ay maaaring pumutol sa sarili nitong supply ng dugo at nangangailangan ng urgent care.


Evidence & references

This is the clinical evidence summary written for health professionals. It is technical, and it lists the research this page was built from. You do not need to read it to understand your treatment or to make a decision about it.

Anatomy & Pathophysiology

  • Osteochondral lesions of the talus are located in the anteromedial dome, as demonstrated by CT scans showing craters and fragments [1].
  • The morphology of osteochondral lesions includes both medial and lateral variants [1].
  • A "floating" fragment in an osteochondral lesion is actually a loose fragment turned upside down within the crater [1].
  • In osteochondral lesions of the talus, the subchondral bone is described as yellowish and hard [1].
  • Lesion size measured on MRI does not accurately reflect arthroscopic measurement in talar osteochondral lesions [2].

Investigations

  • Coronal CT scan locates talar osteochondral lesions as anterior, middle, or posterior, a distinction that is often difficult to determine on radiograph [1].
  • Axial CT scan demonstrates the crater and fragments of talar osteochondral lesions [1].
  • Diagnosis of talar osteochondral lesions involves history, physical examination, and arthroscopy [2].

References

[1] Campbell S Operative Orthopaedics 4 Volume Set. RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PATELLOFEMORAL AND PATELLOTIBIAL LIGAMENTS WITH A SEMITENDINOSUS TENDON GRAFT > EXCISION OF OSTEOCHONDRAL FRAGMENT OF THE TALUS.

[2] Campbell S Operative Orthopaedics 4 Volume Set. ARTHROSCOPIC EXAMINATION AND DEBRIDEMENT OF THE ANKLE JOINT > OSTEochondral Lesions of the Talus.

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