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Oral na Steroid, Butong, at Pagpapagaling

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How long-term steroid tablets affect bone, wound healing and surgery, and why they must never be stopped suddenly.

Steroid na tablet sa tabi ng buto.
Ang pangmatagalang paggamit ng steroid tablets ay nagpapahina sa buto at nagpapabagal sa paggaling — at hindi dapat biglang itigil. Kieran Hirpara 4.0

Ang pahinang ito ay isinalin ng makina at hindi pa nasusuri ng isang doktor. Ang bersyong Ingles ang siyang opisyal.

Kung kumakain ka ng steroid tablets, para sa iyo ang pahinang ito. Ang mga gamot tulad ng prednisolone, prednisone, o dexamethasone ay mahalagang, minsan ay kinakailangan, mga paggamot: pinapahinahon nila ang pamamaga at sobrang aktibong tugon ng immune system, at tumutulong sila sa mga taong may asthma, COPD, at malawak na hanay ng mga kondisyong pamamaga at autoimmune na mabuhay nang maayos. Walang sinabi sa sumusunod na dahilan upang itigil ang pag-inom ng mga ito. Ngunit may ilang epekto ang mga gamot na ito na may kinalaman kapag ikaw ay aalis sa operasyon, at kaunting pagpaplano ang nagpapaganda ng kaligtasan. Ang pinakamagandang bagay na maaari mong gawin ay simpleng: ipaalala sa iyong koponan na kumakain ka ng steroids: alin ang ginagamit, anong dose, at gaano katagal ka na nasa kanila.

Ang ibig sabihin namin ng "steroids" dito

Ang salitang "steroid" ay ginagamit para sa maraming magkaibang bagay, kaya mahalagang maging malinaw. Ang pahinang ito ay tungkol sa corticosteroid tablets (ang prednisolone, prednisone, at dexamethasone ang karaniwan) na ininom nang regular para sa isang kondisyong medikal.

Ang mga ito ay hindi katulad ng steroid injection sa isang kasu-kasuan o tendon, na isang isang beses na lokal na dosis na ibinibigay upang mapahinahon ang isang tiyak na masakit na lugar (may hiwalay kaming pahina tungkol sa corticosteroid injections). At iba pa ito sa anabolic, muscle-building steroids na minsan ay ginagamit sa sports, na isang ganap na magkaibang uri ng gamot. Kapag tinatanong kami tungkol sa "steroids" bago ang operasyon, ang ibig sabihin namin ay ang mga tabletang ininom mo nang regular.

Ang mga Steroid at ang iyong mga buto

Isa sa pinakamahalagang pangmatagalang epekto ng mga tabletang steroid ay ang sa eskeleto. Ang pangmatagalang oral na steroid ang pinakakaraniwang medikal na sanhi ng osteoporosis, isang pagpapapayat ng buto na nagpapataas ng posibilidad na ito ay mas madaling maputol. Mahalaga ito sa isang paragas dahil ang mas matibay na buto ay mas mabilis gumaling at mas mahusay na humahawak ng fixation, at dahil ang isang fracture ay isang bagay na mas gusto naming pigilan.

May ilang bagay na karapat-dapat malaman, dahil sila ay nagbibigay ng kasiyahan at babala:

  • Ang epekto ay nakadepende sa dose at oras, ngunit kahit ang katamtamang araw-araw na dose na ininom sa loob ng ilang buwan ay maaaring simulan ang pagbaba ng lakas ng buto.
  • Ang pinakamabilis na pagkawala ng buto ay nangyayari sa maagang yugto, sa unang ilang buwan pagkatapos ng pagsisimula, na eksaktong dahilan kung bakit ang proteksyon sa buto ay pinakamainam na isipin nang maaga kaysa huli.
  • Ito ay karamihan ay madaling pamahalaan. Karamihan sa mga tao na nasa pangmatagalang steroid ay dapat isipin ang proteksyon sa buto bilang isang karaniwang bahagi ng kanilang pag-aalaga.

Karaniwang nagsisimula ito sa mga pangunahing bagay: sapat na calcium at vitamin D. Para sa mga taong may mas mataas na panganib, ang iyong doktor ay maaaring magdagdag ng gamot na nagpapalakas ng buto ( Tulad ng isang bisphosphonate). Kung ikaw ay kumakain ng regular na steroid at walang nagsalita sa iyo tungkol sa iyong mga buto, ito ay isang napaka-angkop na bagay na itaas. Ang aming bone health and osteoporosis pahina ay naglalahad nito sa mas detalyadong paraan.

Steroid, paggaling ng sugat at impeksyon

Ang mga steroid ay gumagana sa pamamagitan ng pagpapababa ng pamamaga at tugon ng immune system, na eksaktong dahilan kung bakit sila nakakatulong sa maraming kondisyon. Ang trade-off ay ang parehong nakakapahupa na epekto ay maaaring magdulot ng medyo mas mabagal na paggaling ng sugat at maaaring gawing medyo mas malamang ang impeksyon sa sugat. Sa paglipas ng panahon, maaari ring pumapayat ang balat ng mga steroid, kaya’t madalas napapansin ng mga taong nasa long-term treatment na madaling makakuha ng blue marks o makaranas ng pagkabasag ng balat mula sa mga banayad na pagbangga.

Wala sa mga ito ang ibig sabihing hindi na magaganap ang operasyon. Ibig sabihin lang nito na mas masusing titingnan ng iyong team ang sugat, at mahalagang maging maingat sa balat sa paligid ng nagpapagaling na incision. Katulad ng pag-inom ng sigarilyo at alak (tinatalakay namin ang mga ito sa kanilang sariling mga pahina), anumang nakakatulong sa paggaling ay dapat gawin sa mga linggo bago at pagkatapos ng operasyon.

Steroyd sa paligid ng panahon ng operasyon — dalawang mahahalagang punto

Ito ang bahagi na nagpapaubaya sa mga tao, kaya’t mahalagang linawin ito.

1. Huwag biglang itigil ang iyong mga steroid. Kapag regular kang kumakain ng tabletang steroid, nararamdaman ng iyong katawan na may sapat na steroid sa paligid at pinapagod nito ang sarili nitong produksyon. Kung biglang ititigil ang mga tabletang iyon, maaaring walang pinagkukunan ang iyong katawan sa loob ng ilang panahon, at maaari itong magdulot ng malubhang pagkasakit. Kaya’t maliban na lamang kung may doktor na partikular na nagbigay ng ibat-iba na utos, patuloy kang kumakain ng iyong mga steroid hanggang sa at habang dumadaan sa iyong operasyon.

2. Maaaring kailanganin mo ng kaunting karagdagang "proteksyon" sa paligid ng operasyon. Ang operasyon ay isang pisikal na stress, at karaniwang tugon ng iyong katawan ay paggawa ng karagdagang sarili nitong steroid. Dahil ang regular na pag-inom ng tabletang steroid ay nakapagod sa likas na tugong ito, ang ilang tao ay nangangailangan ng karagdagang dosis ng steroid (karaniwang ibinibigay sa pamamagitan ng drip) sa paligid ng panahon ng operasyon upang punan ang kakulangan. Ito ay tinatawag na stress-dose o steroid cover, at ang iyong surgical at anaesthetic team ang magpaplano nito para sa iyo; hindi mo kailangang ayusin ang anumang bagay sa sarili mo. Ito ay isang karaniwan, mabuting nauunawaan na bahagi ng pag-aalaga sa isang tao na nasa long-term steroids.

Ang ibig sabihin nito para sa iyo — ang praktikal na bahagi

  • Sabihin sa iyong koponan na kumakain ka ng steroids, at maging tiyak: aling gamot, anong dose, at gaano katagal ka nang kumakain nito. Kung mayroon kang steroid card o alert bracelet, dalhin ito.
  • Huwag mong itigil o baguhin ang iyong steroids nang sarili. Sundin ang nakasulat na mga tagubilin na ibinigay sa iyo, at kumonsulta kung may hindi malinaw.
  • Magtanong tungkol sa iyong mga buto kung hindi pa ito nabanggit: calcium at vitamin D, at minsan ay isang gamot na nagpapalakas ng buto (tingnan ang aming bone health page).
  • Tandaan na ang pahinang ito ay tungkol sa steroid tablets, na magkaiba sa steroid injection sa isang kasu-kasuan at magkaiba pa sa muscle-building steroids.

Kailan maghanap ng tulong

Karamihan sa mga taong nasa steroids ay dumadaan sa operasyon nang walang problema. Ngunit mahalagang malaman ang mga senyales ng babala, dahil madali itong tugunan:

  • Kung nagpalampas ka sa mga dosis ng steroids (halimbawa dahil sa pagduduwal o sakit) at nararamdaman mong sobrang pagod o kahinaan, pagkahilo o pagkahilo, o pagduduwal: maaaring ito ay senyale na kulang ang steroids sa iyong katawan. Maghanap agad ng tulong medikal, at kung mayroon kang emergency na plano para sa steroids, sundin ito.
  • Sa paligid ng sugat, mag-ingat sa mga senyale na hindi ito gumagaling nang maayos o maaaring may impeksyon: lumalalang pamumula, pamamaga, init o sakit, paglabas ng likido o pus, sugat na bukas o hiwalay, o lagnat. Ipabatid ito sa amin.
  • At gaya ng laging paalala: kung hindi ka sigurado kung ano ang gagawin sa iyong steroids bago ang operasyon, tanungin kami imbes na maghula. Mas gusto naming sagutin ang tanong.

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