Patients › General & whole-body health

General & whole-body health

Cross-cutting topics that span more than one body region or apply to your general musculoskeletal health.

Conditions

Bệnh gút ở bàn tay, cổ tay và khuỷu tay Gout in the upper limb — what causes the attacks and lumps (tophi), how flares and high urate are treated, and when surgery is needed. Open → Corticosteroid đường uống, xương và quá trình liền vết thương How long-term steroid tablets affect bone, wound healing and surgery, and why they must never be stopped suddenly. Open → Các cục u trên bàn tay, cổ tay và ngón tay Found a lump on your hand, wrist or finger? The common causes and what they mean: ganglion cysts, fatty lumps (lipomas), giant cell tumours, mucous cysts and carpal bossing, and when to see someone. Open → Hiểu rõ các kết quả chẩn đoán hình ảnh (X-quang, siêu âm, MRI, CT) What X-rays, ultrasound, MRI and CT each show, and why your surgeon chooses one over another. Open → Hội chứng cơ xương khớp ở thời kỳ mãn kinh How the menopausal transition and oestrogen withdrawal drive joint, tendon and muscle symptoms — arthralgia, tendinopathy, frozen shoulder, greater trochanteric pain and myalgia — and the evidence on hormone therapy. Open → Hội chứng đau cơ xơ hóa Widespread pain and fatigue from an over-sensitised nervous system — what it is, and why movement, sleep and pacing help most. Open → Hội chứng đau vùng phức tạp (CRPS) What CRPS is, why it sometimes follows a wrist or hand injury or operation, how it is recognised and treated, and what recovery looks like. Open → Phòng ngừa té ngã và các vết gãy xương do loãng xương A wrist or shoulder broken in a simple fall is often the first sign of thinning bone — treating the bone and preventing the next fall. Open → Rượu, xương và quá trình lành vết thương How alcohol weakens bone and slows wound healing, its risks around surgery, and why cutting down before and after helps. Open → Thoái hóa khớp The commonest arthritis — cartilage wear in the thumb base, fingers, wrist and shoulder — its symptoms, management ladder and outlook. Open → Thuốc giảm đau thần kinh (Gabapentin và Pregabalin) How medicines like gabapentin and pregabalin settle nerve pain, why they are built up slowly, their side effects, and using them safely. Open → Tiểu đường và các bệnh lý vùng chi trên Why diabetes makes frozen shoulder, trigger finger, carpal tunnel syndrome and Dupuytren's more common, and how it affects healing and surgery. Open → Tê và cảm giác kiến bò ở tay và cánh tay What causes numbness, tingling or 'pins and needles' in the hand and arm — from carpal tunnel and cubital tunnel to other nerve problems — when it matters, and what helps. Open → Tình trạng khớp quá linh hoạt và Hội chứng Ehlers-Danlos Bendy joints that can slip or ache — the spectrum from benign hypermobility to hEDS, and why strengthening is the mainstay. Open → Viêm khớp do viêm và viêm khớp dạng thấp Rheumatoid, psoriatic and gouty arthritis affecting the hand, wrist and upper limb — what they are, how they are managed, and when surgery helps. Open → Viêm khớp vảy nến An inflammatory arthritis linked to psoriasis — sausage digits, nail changes and end-joint involvement — and why early treatment protects the joints. Open →

Treatments & Health Topics

Cân nặng, béo phì và sức khỏe khớp How body weight and obesity affect joint load, osteoarthritis, and the risks and outcomes of joint surgery — including the role of weight loss before an operation. Open → Cơ chế của cơn đau Open → Cơ chế hoạt động của sụn (và lý do sụn khó lành lại) Open → Cơ chế hoạt động và quá trình hồi phục của các dây chằng Open → Cơ chế hoạt động và quá trình hồi phục của cơ Open → Cơ chế hoạt động và quá trình hồi phục của dây thần kinh How nerves carry signals, sense the world, and heal after injury — in plain English, with an in-depth section. Open → Cơ chế hoạt động và quá trình hồi phục của gân Open → Cấy ghép tế bào gân tự thân (ATI) Cultured tendon-cell injection (OrthoATI) for chronic tendinopathy — how it is made and given, what the published evidence does and does not show, and its regulatory standing in Australia. Open → Cần sa và CBD trong điều trị đau What the evidence does and doesn't show for cannabis and CBD in musculoskeletal pain, and practical and safety considerations. Open → Duy trì vận động vì sức khỏe khớp Why physical activity protects joints and tendons, how exercise helps osteoarthritis and recovery, and how to stay active safely. Open → Huyết tương giàu tiểu cầu (PRP) và các liệu pháp tiêm What the evidence shows for platelet-rich plasma and related injection therapies in tendinopathy, osteoarthritis and rotator cuff disease — where they help and where the data is weak. Open → Hút thuốc và quá trình lành xương, khớp, gân How smoking and nicotine affect bone healing, fracture union, spinal fusion, tendon and wound healing, and surgical complications — and the benefits of stopping before surgery. Open → Liệu pháp peptide trong y học cơ xương khớp Injectable and regenerative peptide therapies in orthopaedics and sports medicine — what the evidence shows for tendon, cartilage and bone healing, and where the hype outpaces the data. Open → Nẹp chỉnh hình, nẹp cố định và dụng cụ hỗ trợ When braces, splints and supports help upper-limb conditions, the main types, how to use them, and what the evidence shows for sprains, tendon problems, arthritis and after surgery. Open → Quá trình liền xương và tái cấu trúc xương Open → Quá trình lành vết thương và hình thành sẹo Open → Sức khỏe xương và bệnh loãng xương How bone strength affects fractures, fixation and recovery — bone density, fragility fractures, and what helps keep bones strong (lifestyle, supplements and medications). Open → Testosterone, steroid đồng hóa và sức khỏe hệ cơ xương khớp Anabolic steroids and testosterone are linked to a higher risk of tendon rupture, including the rotator cuff, biceps and quadriceps. How steroids and TRT affect tendons, joints, bone and recovery from surgery. Open → Thực phẩm bổ sung cho sức khỏe cơ xương khớp Evidence on dietary supplements for joint, muscle and bone health — protein and amino acids, creatine, collagen peptides, glucosamine and chondroitin, and omega-3 — including perioperative recovery and osteoarthritis. Open → Tiêm cortisone và corticosteroid What cortisone injections do, when they help, how long the effect lasts, and the risks of repeated injections for shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand conditions. Open → Tiêm tế bào gốc và các liệu pháp tái tạo What stem-cell and bone-marrow-derived injections claim to do for joints and tendons, what the evidence actually shows, and the safety and regulatory caveats. Open → Vitamin D và sức khỏe cơ xương khớp How vitamin D affects bone, muscle strength, falls, fracture and tendon healing, and surgical outcomes — including who benefits from supplementation. Open → Xét nghiệm thần kinh và đo dẫn truyền thần kinh What nerve conduction studies and EMG are, why they are done for carpal tunnel and other nerve problems, what to expect, and how accurate they are. Open → Điểm số kết quả điều trị: những gì chúng đo lường và những gì chúng không đo được What PROMs (patient-reported outcome measures) like the DASH, QuickDASH, SPADI, ASES and PRWE actually are, and how to read your own score. They exist to track how YOUR symptoms and function change over time, and to compare groups of patients in research. They are not a test that decides what treatment you should have — a score does not diagnose anything, and two people with the same number can need completely different things. Covers what the numbers mean, why a change matters more than a single reading, what a 'minimal clinically important difference' is, and the limits of a questionnaire. Open →

Medications

Thuốc GLP-1 (Ozempic, Wegovy) và ca phẫu thuật của bạn If you take a GLP-1 medication (such as semaglutide — Ozempic or Wegovy) and you are having an operation: what these drugs do, why they matter for your anaesthetic (delayed stomach emptying and aspiration risk), and what you should do before surgery. Open →

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