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Chăm sóc vết sẹo của bạn

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Cách mát-xa, bảo vệ và theo dõi sẹo phẫu thuật trong suốt nhiều tháng để sẹo trưởng thành.

Updated May 2026
Hình minh họa các ngón tay đang mát-xa một vết sẹo phẫu thuật đã lành trên cẳng tay.
Xoa sẹo để làm mềm và ổn định một vết sẹo phẫu thuật đã lành. Kieran Hirpara 4.0

Trang này được dịch bằng máy và chưa được bác sĩ kiểm tra. Bản tiếng Anh là bản chính thức.

Sẹo là dấu vết mà cơ thể để lại sau một chấn thương. Sau khi vết thương đã lành, sẹo vẫn tiếp tục thay đổi trong vòng 6–12 tháng. Việc chăm sóc trong vài tháng đầu tiên có thể giúp sẹo mềm, phẳng và nhạt màu hơn.

Quá trình sẹo trưởng thành

Trong 2–3 tuần đầu, vết thương vẫn đang liền lại: hãy để yên, giữ khô và tuân theo lời khuyên chăm sóc vết thương.

Từ khoảng 3 tuần trở đi, vết thương đã đóng và sẹo bước vào giai đoạn tái cấu trúc. Sẹo sẽ nổi lên, có màu hồng và cứng. Đây là điều bình thường. Trong vòng 6–12 tháng tiếp theo, cơ thể dần thay thế collagen vội vã, thiếu tổ chức của sẹo giai đoạn đầu bằng các sợi chắc chắn và có trật tự hơn. Sẹo sẽ phẳng ra, mềm đi và nhạt màu. Những vết sẹo cũ trên cơ thể bạn mà bạn đã không còn để ý đến cũng đã trải qua cùng quá trình này.

Khi nào và cách thức mát-xa

Khi vết thương đã lành hoàn toàn và bất kỳ vảy nào đã bong ra (thường là vào cuối tuần thứ 3), việc mát-xa nhẹ nhàng giúp các mô bên dưới trượt tự do và phá vỡ các dải mô hạn chế.

  • Sử dụng kem dưỡng ẩm không mùi, không hương liệu: sorbolene, kem vitamin E, hoặc bất kỳ loại nào bạn đang sử dụng. Các loại kem "dành cho sẹo" có thương hiệu cũng được nhưng không tốt hơn kem dưỡng ẩm cơ bản.
  • Bấm đủ mạnh để di chuyển lớp da trên các mô sâu hơn, chứ không chỉ trượt trên bề mặt. Vết sẹo sẽ nhợt đi (trở nên nhợt nhạt) khi bạn bấm.
  • Hai phút, hai lần một ngày, trong khoảng ba tháng.
  • Mát-xa theo các vòng tròn nhỏ hoặc qua lại dọc theo đường vết sẹo.

Nếu việc mát-xa gây khó chịu trong một hoặc hai tuần đầu, đó là điều bình thường; vết sẹo vẫn còn nhạy cảm. Hãy dừng lại và thử lại vào ngày hôm sau nếu cảm thấy thực sự đau.

Gel và miếng dán silicone

Silicone là sản phẩm không kê đơn duy nhất có bằng chứng tốt về hiệu quả làm mềm sẹo và giảm nguy cơ hình thành sẹo lồi (sẹo phì đại). Sản phẩm này hữu ích nhất khi sẹo của bạn bắt đầu có dấu hiệu nổi lên, đỏ hoặc ngứa sau 6–8 tuần.

Bạn có thể mua gel silicone (dạng bôi, khô trong vài giây, dùng hai lần mỗi ngày) hoặc miếng dán silicone (dán lên sẹo, đeo cả ngày hoặc qua đêm) tại bất kỳ nhà thuốc nào. Sử dụng trong 8–12 tuần. Ngừng sử dụng nếu bạn phát ban do chất dính.

Bảo vệ khỏi ánh nắng

Vết sẹo mới có xu hướng sẫm màu hơn so với vùng da bình thường. Việc tiếp xúc với tia UV trong 12 tháng đầu tiên có thể khiến vết sẹo bị sẫm màu vĩnh viễn hơn vùng da xung quanh. Hãy che phủ vết sẹo bằng quần áo hoặc thoa kem chống nắng có chỉ số SPF cao bất cứ khi nào vết sẹo tiếp xúc với ánh nắng, chẳng hạn như khi đi biển, đi bộ đường dài hoặc thậm chí khi lái xe với cánh tay đặt gần cửa sổ.

Những gì là bình thường và những gì không bình thường

Bình thường: màu hồng, chắc, hơi nhô lên, thỉnh thoảng ngứa, nhạy cảm hơn so với vùng da xung quanh. Cải thiện chậm trong vài tháng.

Sẹo phì đại: nhô lên, đỏ và dày, nhưng vẫn nằm trong ranh giới của vết thương ban đầu. Thường gây ngứa. Hầu hết các trường hợp sẽ cải thiện với liệu pháp silicone và theo thời gian. Chúng tôi có thể tiêm steroid nếu sẹo gây khó chịu cho bạn.

Sẹo lồi (keloid): phát triển vượt ra ngoài ranh giới của vết thương ban đầu, giống như một bong bóng. Hiếm gặp ở chi trên. Phổ biến hơn ở những người có làn da sẫm màu và ở vùng trước ngực, thùy tai hoặc vai. Nếu bạn có tiền sử sẹo lồi, hãy thông báo cho chúng tôi trước khi phẫu thuật để chúng tôi có kế hoạch xử lý phù hợp.

Gọi cho chúng tôi nếu

  • Sẹo trở nên đỏ, nóng, sưng hoặc bắt đầu tiết dịch trở lại (trường hợp này có khả năng cao là nhiễm trùng muộn hơn là vấn đề về sẹo)
  • Sẹo phát triển rõ rệt dày hơn hoặc rộng hơn sau 6 tuần đầu tiên
  • Sẹo gây ngứa dữ dội và không cải thiện với việc sử dụng silicone và kem dưỡng ẩm
  • Sẹo bị mắc và rách khi sử dụng bình thường (đôi khi một sẹo co kéo qua khớp cần được giải phóng)

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