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What's New — Shoulder — July 2026

64 new articles published this month.

Themes: Rotator Cuff Repair and Healing · Shoulder Arthroplasty Outcomes and Complications · Shoulder Instability and Soft Tissue Reconstruction · Shoulder Arthroplasty Design and Bone Defects · Rehabilitation, Diagnostics, and Perioperative Care

Digest generated 2026-08-04 16:05:27+00:00.

Highlights

Rotator Cuff Repair and Healing

Recent studies investigate biological and surgical factors influencing rotator cuff repair outcomes. Suprascapular nerve release may enhance histological healing and biomechanical strength in chronic tears [1], while nerve growth factor delivery via nanosphere-hydrogels shows promise for tendon-bone interface healing [27]. Preoperative strength deficits, particularly in scaption and external rotation, predict retear risk [7]. Biologic augmentation techniques, such as combining tendon remnant preservation with bone marrow stimulation, improve healing rates [53]. Additionally, metformin use was associated with reduced postoperative stiffness [31], and early EMG-based rehabilitation protocols offer a safe alternative to prolonged immobilization [47].

Shoulder Arthroplasty Outcomes and Complications

This theme covers long-term survival, complications, and technical aspects of shoulder arthroplasty. Long-term registry data confirm excellent survival rates for both anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty beyond 13 years [17]. However, complications such as acromial fractures are significant, with machine learning models aiding risk prediction [39]. Nutritional status, measured by the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, correlates with increased complications and reoperations [57]. Pharmacological factors also play a role; hormone replacement therapy and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors influence postoperative complication profiles [15, 21]. Furthermore, simultaneous bilateral replacement appears safe compared to staged procedures [40], and stemless reverse components demonstrate favorable bony ongrowth [14].

Shoulder Instability and Soft Tissue Reconstruction

Articles in this cluster address the management of anterior shoulder instability and soft tissue transfers. Dynamic anterior stabilization augments Bankart repair, restoring glenohumeral kinematics closer to native motion [10]. The Latarjet procedure and soft tissue options like remplissage are compared, with computational studies highlighting biomechanical trade-offs between stability and external rotation [60, 45]. For irreparable rotator cuff tears, tendon transfers such as the lower trapezius transfer show sustained functional improvements over 7.5 years [32], with teres minor trophicity influencing outcomes [54]. Additionally, acromiohumeral distance does not significantly impact results following middle trapezius tendon transfer [23], and coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction demonstrates favorable mid- to long-term outcomes for AC joint dislocations [5].

Shoulder Arthroplasty Design and Bone Defects

This theme focuses on implant design innovations and the management of glenoid bone defects in shoulder arthroplasty. Non-spherical humeral head designs are evaluated for their potential to restore native anatomy and improve mechanics, though clinical data remains mixed [24]. Inlay versus onlay glenoid implants are compared biomechanically, with inlay designs showing superior performance in finite element models [42]. For severe glenoid bone loss, structural bone grafting is increasingly used, with systematic reviews analyzing graft incorporation and baseplate stability [20, 62]. The HUMBL classification helps identify patterns of humeral bone loss associated with revision and loosening rates [37], while precise quantification of implant positioning using CT-based metrics is validated to optimize surgical planning [50].

Rehabilitation, Diagnostics, and Perioperative Care

Perioperative management and diagnostic advancements are highlighted in this cluster. Postoperative rehabilitation protocols differ significantly between anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, emphasizing soft tissue protection [2]. Diagnostic tools are evolving, with AI-based video analysis showing validity for assessing shoulder range of motion [22]. Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis concentrations are influenced by body weight and smoking status [46], while nerve block techniques are compared via network meta-analysis for optimal analgesia [13]. Kinesiotaping shows small but significant effects on function in rotator cuff-related pain [6], and neurocognitive reactive activities are validated for upper extremity functional testing [8].

Articles by Theme

Rotator Cuff Repair and Healing (6)

1. Zhang W, Guo Y, Wang H, et al. Suprascapular Nerve Release Improves the Histological Healing Morphology and Biomechanical Strength of the Rotator Cuff in a Rat Chronic Massive Rotator Cuff Tear Model. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261464186

This study investigated whether suprascapular nerve (SSN) release enhances rotator cuff healing in a rat model of chronic massive rotator cuff tears. The key finding was that SSN release significantly improved histological healing morphology and biomechanical strength compared to tendon repair alone. These results suggest that addressing SSN entrapment may be a critical adjunct to improve surgical outcomes in massive rotator cuff repairs.

7. Lee SM, Kim SC, Park JH, et al. Preoperative Scaption and External Rotation Strength Deficits Are Predictive of Retear After Rotator Cuff Repair. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70399

This retrospective study investigated whether preoperative shoulder muscle strength deficits predict rotator cuff retear after arthroscopic repair. The key finding was that preoperative deficits in scaption and external rotation strength were significant predictors of postoperative retear. Clinically, this suggests that preoperative strength assessment could help identify high-risk patients who may require enhanced rehabilitation or alternative surgical strategies.

27. Yuan Y, Zhao Y, Cheng J, et al. Nerve Growth Factor Gene Delivery via Nanosphere-Hydrogel Composites and Tendon-Bone Interface Healing in a Rat Rotator Cuff Tear Model. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261449709

Researchers evaluated the efficacy of nerve growth factor (NGF) gene delivery via nanosphere-hydrogel composites for tendon-bone interface healing in a rat rotator cuff tear model. The study demonstrated that pNGF-loaded composites improved tenocyte responses and healing outcomes compared to controls in vitro and in vivo. This approach offers a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance tendon-bone integration and potentially reduce rotator cuff repair failure rates.

31. Qin K, Zhao L, Wang Y. Metformin Reduces the Incidence of Shoulder Stiffness After Arthroscopic RC Repair: Letter to the Editor. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261448573

This letter to the editor critiques a randomized trial claiming metformin reduces shoulder stiffness after rotator cuff repair, questioning the adherence to intention-to-treat principles due to significant loss to follow-up. The authors highlight methodological concerns regarding missing data handling and the potential bias introduced by excluding 20 patients from the final analysis. These points suggest that while the antifibrotic strategy is promising, the statistical robustness of the reported benefits requires further scrutiny.

47. Kuş G, Çelik D, Atalar AC. Early EMG-based Low Supraspinatus Activity Exercises After Arthroscopic Repair of Medium-Sized Rotator Cuff Tears: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.028

This randomized controlled trial compared an EMG-based early rehabilitation program with low supraspinatus activity against a standard four-week immobilization protocol after rotator cuff repair. The early rehabilitation group showed comparable or superior functional outcomes without increased re-tear rates. This supports the safety and efficacy of early, controlled mobilization to potentially accelerate recovery while protecting tendon healing.

53. Scaini A, Maggini E, Daffara V, et al. Effect of Combined Tendon Remnant Preservation and Bone Marrow Stimulation on Rotator Cuff Healing: A Propensity Score–Matched Study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.005

This propensity score-matched study evaluated the efficacy of combining tendon remnant preservation with bone marrow stimulation during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. The results indicate that this combined biologic augmentation technique improves structural healing rates and functional outcomes compared to standard repair alone.

Shoulder Arthroplasty Outcomes and Complications (7)

14. Cardona-Perez V, Mousavi SZ, Perez-Garcia DA, et al. Bony ongrowth in stemless reverse total shoulder arthroplasty components. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261469034

This study assessed bony ongrowth on explanted stemless reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) components using high-magnification microscopy. Bony integration was observed on all titanium-hydroxyapatite coated surfaces across implantation durations ranging from 39 days to over three years. These results support the biological fixation potential of stemless rTSA components, addressing concerns regarding aseptic loosening in this investigational technology.

15. Ninness H, Catanzaro C, Guareschi M, et al. Hormone replacement therapy and complications after primary total shoulder arthroplasty. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261468740

This study utilized a propensity score-matched analysis of the PearlDiver database to evaluate the impact of preoperative hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on postoperative complications in women undergoing primary total shoulder arthroplasty. The key finding was that HRT users experienced significantly lower rates of acute kidney injury, urinary tract infections, and pneumonia within 180 to 365 days post-surgery compared to non-users. These results suggest that HRT may be associated with improved short-term surgical outcomes and reduced complication rates in this patient population.

17. Bhatti F, Waseem S, Singh H, et al. Long-term survival outcomes following total shoulder arthroplasty: An implant-level systematic review and meta-analysis of case series and registry data with more than 13 years follow-up. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261469128

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated long-term survival of anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasties using registry and case series data with follow-up of at least 13 years. The study found high pooled survival rates for both implant types at 13 and 15 years, with anatomic TSA showing 91.50% and reverse TSA 93.19% survival in registry data. These findings confirm that both procedures maintain excellent long-term durability beyond the traditional 10-year benchmark.

21. Ninness H, Rogalski BL, Ponce B, et al. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and complications following primary total shoulder arthroplasty. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261468342

This study examined the association between preoperative selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use and complications following primary total shoulder arthroplasty using a large database. While unadjusted analysis showed higher rates of transfusion, revision, and mechanical failure in the SSRI group, multivariable regression indicated that SSRI use was not an independent predictor of these complications. The results suggest that SSRI use alone may not significantly increase surgical risk after adjusting for confounders.

39. Schneller T, Cina A, Maggini E, et al. Prediction of Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures After Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty using Machine Learning: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.023

This retrospective cohort study developed a machine learning model to predict the risk of acromial and scapular spine fractures following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty using preoperative features and implant design. The model demonstrated predictive performance across different implant types, with a fracture incidence of 4.1% observed in the cohort. This tool may assist in preoperative risk stratification and surgical planning.

40. Pina G, Lacouture JD, Shi B, et al. Simultaneous versus Staged Bilateral Shoulder Replacement: A Matched Cohort Study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.022

This matched cohort study compared safety and clinical outcomes between simultaneous and staged bilateral shoulder arthroplasty procedures. The results showed comparable complication rates, reoperation rates, and functional improvements between the two approaches. Simultaneous surgery may be a safe and efficient alternative for selected patients requiring bilateral treatment.

57. Polam V, Stokes L, Sauvanell YM, et al. Lower Postoperative Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Is Associated with Increased Complications and Reoperations Following Shoulder Arthroplasty. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.012

This retrospective study evaluated the association between postoperative Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and outcomes in 175 patients undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty. Patients with a lower postoperative GNRI (<109) experienced significantly higher rates of complications and reoperations compared to those with normal nutritional status. These findings suggest that assessing and optimizing nutritional status postoperatively may be crucial for reducing adverse events in shoulder arthroplasty patients.

Shoulder Instability and Soft Tissue Reconstruction (7)

5. Boufadel P, Jayne C, Hoffman I, et al. Mid- to Long-term Outcomes of Coracoclavicular Ligament Reconstruction for Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocations: A Systematic Review of Studies With Minimum 5-Year Follow-up. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261457302

This systematic review evaluated clinical and radiographic outcomes of coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction for acromioclavicular joint dislocations at a minimum 5-year follow-up. The key finding was that while short-term outcomes are favorable, long-term data remains limited, though existing studies report satisfactory satisfaction and return-to-sport rates. The clinical implication is that coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction is a viable long-term option, but further high-quality longitudinal studies are needed to confirm durability.

10. Wu C, Lin Z, Hui Y, et al. Dynamic Anterior Stabilization Shows Glenohumeral Kinematics Closer to Native Motion to Isolated Bankart Repair: A Dual Fluoroscopic Imaging Study. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70401

This study evaluated in vivo glenohumeral kinematics in patients undergoing Bankart repair with or without dynamic anterior stabilization (DAS). Results showed that DAS restored humeral head positioning closer to native motion during apprehension tests compared to isolated Bankart repair. This suggests that augmenting Bankart repair with DAS may better restore normal shoulder biomechanics in patients with anterior instability.

23. Baek CH, Kim BT, Kim JG, et al. Preoperative acromiohumeral distance does not influence clinical outcomes after middle trapezius tendon transfer for irreparable supraspinatus tears. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261467977

This retrospective study compared clinical outcomes of middle trapezius tendon transfer for irreparable supraspinatus tears in patients with different preoperative acromiohumeral distances. Both patients with normal (Hamada grade 1) and reduced (Hamada grade 2) acromiohumeral distances showed significant improvements in pain and function, with no significant differences between the groups. The findings suggest that preoperative acromiohumeral distance does not negatively influence outcomes following this procedure.

32. Suárez Jiménez LJM, Nassar A, Moussa MK, et al. Arthroscopic assisted lower trapezius transfer for the treatment of irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears with nonfunctional teres minor: are the results sustained after more than 7.5 years?. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.12.010

This study evaluated the long-term clinical outcomes of arthroscopic assisted lower trapezius transfer for irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears with nonfunctional teres minor at a minimum 7.5-year follow-up. The results indicated that pain relief and functional improvements achieved at 11 months were sustained over the long term. This technique appears to provide durable benefits for patients with complex cuff tear arthropathy lacking active external rotation.

45. Olaonipekun E, Abdou M, Ade-Conde AM, et al. Evaluation of Spin Bias in Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Comparing Bankart Repair with Remplissage Versus the Latarjet Procedure. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.027

This study assessed the prevalence of spin bias in the abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses comparing Bankart repair with remplissage to the Latarjet procedure. The authors found that spin bias is present in a notable proportion of these publications, potentially influencing clinical decision-making. This highlights the need for critical appraisal of literature to ensure accurate interpretation of comparative surgical outcomes.

54. Baek CH, Kim BT, Kim JG, et al. Does Teres Minor Trophicity Affect Outcomes After Arthroscopically-Assisted Lower Trapezius Tendon Transfer in Irreparable Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears?. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.009

This retrospective study evaluated whether preoperative teres minor trophicity influences clinical outcomes following arthroscopically-assisted lower trapezius tendon transfer for irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears. The results indicated that teres minor status did not significantly affect postoperative pain, function, or range of motion improvements. Consequently, teres minor trophicity should not be considered a contraindication for this surgical procedure.

60. Wang S, Danelson K, Habet N, et al. Infraspinatus Advancement via Remplissage Improves Dynamic Anterior Stability but Reduces External Rotation Moment Arm: A Computational Study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.017

This computational study modeled the biomechanical effects of infraspinatus advancement via remplissage on anterior stability and external rotation moment arms. The results demonstrated that while medial advancement of the infraspinatus insertion improves dynamic anterior stability, it concurrently reduces the external rotation moment arm. These findings provide a biomechanical explanation for the trade-off between increased stability and potential external rotation limitations in remplissage procedures.

Shoulder Arthroplasty Design and Bone Defects (6)

20. De Rosa A, Cardinale ME, Di Fabio S, et al. Radiographic criteria and results of bone graft incorporation in bony increased-offset reverse shoulder arthroplasty: A systematic review. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261469868

This systematic review analyzed radiographic criteria and results of bone graft incorporation in reverse shoulder arthroplasty for glenoid bone defects. The review of 19 studies highlighted the lack of standardized methods for evaluating graft incorporation and noted that while mechanical failure is uncommon, radiographic alterations are frequent. The findings underscore the need for standardized imaging protocols to better interpret postoperative graft status.

24. Daher M, Haj Shehadeh T, Parmar T, et al. Non-spherical head designs in total shoulder arthroplasty: A systematic review of clinical and biomechanical data. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261468714

This systematic review critically evaluated clinical and biomechanical data regarding non-spherical humeral head designs in total shoulder arthroplasty. Biomechanical studies largely favored non-spherical designs for improved coverage and mechanics, though clinical data on patient-reported outcomes and radiographic results were mixed or showed limited differences compared to spherical heads. The review indicates that while non-spherical designs offer biomechanical advantages, their clinical superiority remains unproven.

37. Nieboer M, Cardona H, Vasquez-Lloret A, et al. The Humeral Bone Loss (HUMBL) Classification Identifies Patterns of Humeral Bone Loss Associated with Various Revision, Instability, and Humeral Loosening Rates in Primary and Revision Shoulder Arthroplasty. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.021

This retrospective review analyzed 1,083 shoulders to describe patterns of humeral bone loss using the HUMBL classification and stratify associated revision, instability, and loosening rates. The study identified five distinct patterns of bone loss severity and correlated them with specific surgical outcomes. These findings help surgeons anticipate complications and plan revisions based on bone loss morphology.

42. Chapai S, Dhar U, Papp DF, et al. In Silico Biomechanical Performance of Inlay vs. Onlay Glenoid Implants in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Finite Element Study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.033

This study utilized 3D finite element modeling to compare the biomechanical performance of inlay versus onlay glenoid implants in total shoulder arthroplasty. The results indicated that inlay components exhibit superior biomechanical stability and lower stress concentrations compared to onlay designs. These findings support the clinical preference for inlay implants to potentially reduce the risk of glenoid loosening and revision surgery.

50. Vervaecke AJ, Verborgt O, Werthel J. Multiplanar CT-based characterization of offset and positional change in reverse shoulder arthroplasty and validation of radiographic metrics. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.031

This study utilized multiplanar CT reconstruction to characterize the true position and positional changes of the center of rotation in reverse shoulder arthroplasty, validating existing radiographic metrics. The results demonstrate how well standard radiographic parameters reflect actual implant positioning, providing surgeons with more accurate tools for preoperative planning and outcome assessment.

62. Penvose I, Toavs T, Covarrubias O, et al. Short Term Results of Structural Bone Grafting of Glenoid Defects in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review/Meta-analysis of Implant Design and Graft Characteristics. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.015

This systematic review and meta-analysis compared structural bone graft types and glenoid baseplate designs for managing severe glenoid bone defects in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. The analysis aimed to determine which combinations yield better outcomes regarding graft incorporation, baseplate loosening, and reoperation rates. The findings help guide surgical decision-making by identifying optimal graft and implant strategies for complex glenoid reconstruction.

Rehabilitation, Diagnostics, and Perioperative Care (6)

2. DeFoor MT, Meyer LE, Dekker TJ. Postoperative Rehabilitation After Shoulder Arthroplasty. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70509

This article outlines distinct postoperative rehabilitation frameworks for anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty based on their unique biomechanical and soft-tissue considerations. Key findings emphasize protecting the subscapularis repair in anatomic TSA while allowing accelerated mobilization and deltoid activation in reverse TSA. The clinical implication is that tailored, phase-based rehabilitation protocols are essential to minimize complications and optimize functional recovery for each arthroplasty type.

6. del Blanco-Múñiz Á, Sánchez-Sierra A, Mares-Herranz A, et al. Kinesiotaping effects in patients with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261473885

This systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 randomized controlled trials evaluated the efficacy of Kinesiotaping (KT) for rotator cuff-related shoulder pain. The findings indicate that KT provides only small, short-term benefits in improving shoulder function and reducing pain during activities and at night. Consequently, KT should be viewed as a minor adjunct rather than a primary treatment, with clinical focus remaining on education and active rehabilitation.

8. Stoddard SM, Lewis K, Riemann BL, et al. Effects of neurocognitive reactive activities on upper extremity closed kinetic chain functional performance testing. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261469815

This study established the test-retest reliability of two neurocognitive reactive variations of an upper extremity functional performance test. The key finding was that both variations demonstrated good to excellent reliability, with significant differences in performance metrics between the single-light and multi-light conditions. The clinical implication is that these neurocognitive reactive tests are reliable tools for assessing upper extremity stability and may aid in safer return-to-sport decision-making by accounting for cognitive deficits.

13. Hurley ET, Goltz DE, Frank RM, et al. Nerve Blocks for Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials With a Network Meta-analysis. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261462708

This network meta-analysis compared the analgesic efficacy of various nerve blocks and general anesthesia alone for shoulder arthroscopy. It synthesized data on postoperative pain scores and opioid consumption to rank the effectiveness of interscalene, suprascapular, supraclavicular, and combined blocks. The findings provide evidence-based guidance for selecting regional anesthesia techniques to optimize postoperative pain control and reduce opioid use.

22. Willi R, Schulz E, Rode D, et al. Validity and robustness of an AI-based tool for the assessment of shoulder joint range of motion in patients with shoulder pathologies. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261468616

This study evaluated the validity and robustness of Maia, an AI-based video analysis tool, for measuring shoulder range of motion compared to optical motion capture and visual estimation. Maia demonstrated high criterion validity with small mean differences from the gold standard and maintained robustness despite camera misalignment, whereas visual estimation overestimated certain movements. The tool shows promise as a reliable, non-invasive alternative for assessing shoulder function in clinical settings.

46. Ubl ST, Arnold LM, Pfeiffer TR, et al. Higher body weight and current smoking are associated with lower concentrations of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in the synovial fluid of the shoulder joint. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.026

The study investigated factors influencing unbound cefazolin concentrations in shoulder synovial fluid following perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. It found that higher body weight and current smoking are associated with significantly lower antibiotic concentrations in the joint. These results suggest that standard prophylactic dosing may be insufficient for obese or smoking patients, potentially increasing surgical site infection risk.

3. Kamijo H, Matsuki K, Takahashi N, et al. Surgical Time Is More Predictive of Suture Contamination During Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Compared With Skin‐Preparation Method: A Prospective Randomized Study on Male Patients. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70467

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effects of kinesiotaping on pain, function, and range of motion in patients with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain. The key finding was that kinesiotaping provides only small, short-term benefits in shoulder function and pain during activity compared to sham or no tape. The clinical implication is that kinesiotaping should be viewed as a minor adjunct rather than a primary treatment, with active rehabilitation remaining the standard of care.

4. Unknown Author. Issue Information. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70492

This issue information page lists the contents of Volume 42, Issue 8 of Arthroscopy, including articles on ACL-PCL reconstruction, rotator cuff augmentation, and hip arthroscopy. It serves as a table of contents rather than a primary research article, highlighting various topics in arthroscopic surgery and related innovations. No specific clinical findings or implications are presented within this metadata entry.

9. Llombart-Blanco R, Mariscal G, Zabady AH, et al. Comparative functional outcomes of arthroscopic versus mini-open rotator cuff repair: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261469408

This meta-analysis compared functional, pain, and range-of-motion outcomes between arthroscopic and mini-open rotator cuff repairs in 1185 patients. The study found no statistically significant differences in clinical scores or motion, indicating that both techniques yield clinically equivalent results. These findings support the use of either surgical approach based on surgeon preference or patient factors rather than expected outcome disparities.

11. Mendiaz F, Vaish B, Rifat S, et al. Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Synergistic Enhancement of Bone Marrow Stimulation for Enhanced Labral Repair and Functional Recovery in a Rat Bankart Model. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261465181

This laboratory study investigated whether combining bone marrow stimulation (BMS) with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) enhances labral healing in a rat Bankart model. The combination therapy significantly improved progenitor cell recruitment, tissue differentiation, and functional recovery compared to suture alone or BMS alone. These results suggest that PDGF synergistically enhances BMS, offering a potential strategy to improve soft tissue repair outcomes.

12. van Noort DM, Louwerens JKG, Sierevelt IN, et al. Comparable Midterm Outcomes for Ultrasound‐Guided Needling Versus High‐Energy Shockwave Therapy for Rotator Cuff Calcific Tendinitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70405

This randomized controlled trial compared the 5-year clinical and radiographic outcomes of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) versus ultrasound-guided needling (UGN) for calcific tendinitis. Both treatments resulted in comparable improvements in pain and functional scores, with no significant difference in calcific deposit resolution or recurrence. Clinicians can consider either minimally invasive option as equally effective for midterm management of symptomatic calcific tendinitis.

16. Farooq H, Boubekri AM, Chen A, et al. Restoring the anatomic tension relationship of the long head of the biceps during tenodesis: A prospective, randomized controlled trial. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261470106

This prospective randomized controlled trial compared standard landmark-based versus patient-specific anatomic tensioning techniques for long head of the biceps tenodesis. While the intervention group showed slightly higher ASES scores at 6 weeks, final outcomes at 1 year were similar between the two groups in terms of pain, function, and range of motion. The study indicates that patient-specific tensioning does not provide superior long-term clinical benefits over standard landmark-based techniques.

18. Yamamoto K, Minokawa S, Miyake S, et al. Avulsion fracture of the coracoid process at the coracoclavicular ligament attachment associated with distal clavicle fracture: A case report. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261469144

This case report describes the successful surgical management of a rare avulsion fracture of the coracoid process associated with a distal clavicle fracture in a 59-year-old male. Anatomical reconstruction using a CW plate and suture anchor resulted in complete union by six months and excellent functional recovery at 12 months. The case suggests that anatomical reconstruction is a viable treatment option for this uncommon injury pattern.

19. Dhillon J, Bui C, Williams K, et al. Microfracture for glenohumeral cartilage defects: Short- to mid-term results. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261469823

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the short- to mid-term clinical outcomes of microfracture for glenohumeral cartilage defects in young, active patients. The analysis of eight studies showed significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes and pain scores, although the pooled reoperation rate was 20.9%. These results indicate that while microfracture provides symptomatic relief, it carries a notable risk of reoperation and potential radiographic progression of osteoarthritis.

25. Ku PH, Nur Y, Sasaki J, et al. Septuagenarians versus octogenarians in elective upper extremity procedures. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261467911

This study compared postoperative outcomes between septuagenarians and octogenarians undergoing elective shoulder surgery using a national database. Octogenarians demonstrated significantly higher odds of unplanned readmission and non-home discharge compared to septuagenarians, despite similar overall complication rates. These findings suggest that age-related differences in recovery trajectories and discharge planning should be considered when counseling older adults on elective shoulder procedures.

26. Sun X, Fei J. Association of Preoperative Acute Depressive Episodes With Early Postoperative Analgesic Use and Inpatient Services After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: Clinical and Methodological Considerations. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70347

This letter to the editor discusses a study linking preoperative acute depressive episodes to increased postoperative analgesic use and inpatient services after rotator cuff repair. The authors commend the original study for highlighting the interplay between mental health and recovery while raising methodological considerations regarding the clinical implications. The correspondence underscores the importance of addressing preoperative mental health to potentially optimize postoperative resource utilization.

28. Do W, Chun Y, Kim S, et al. Comparison of Long-term Supraspinatus Tear Progression After Arthroscopic Isolated Subscapularis Repair With and Without Comma Tissue Preservation: A Minimum 10-Year MRI Follow-up Study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261460741

This cohort study compared long-term supraspinatus tear progression and clinical outcomes between in-continuity and margin disruption techniques for isolated subscapularis repair over a minimum 10-year follow-up. The results showed comparable radiological and clinical outcomes between the two surgical techniques, supporting the hypothesis that preserving comma tissue does not offer superior long-term benefits. Clinicians can choose either technique based on intraoperative factors without compromising long-term structural integrity or function.

29. Lorentz S, Cullen MM, Henriquez A, et al. Early infection after aseptic revision shoulder arthroplasty: prevalence and predisposing risk factors. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101692

This retrospective study investigated the prevalence and risk factors for early periprosthetic joint infections following aseptic revision total shoulder arthroplasty. The authors identified the rate of acute infections within one year postoperatively and compared demographic and clinical variables between infected and noninfected cohorts. These findings aim to better characterize infection risks in this specific patient population to improve perioperative management and surveillance.

30. Escalera C, Stevens NC, Alradawneh Q, et al. The effect of musculoskeletal health literacy on 90-day emergency department return, readmissions, and post-operative adherence following primary total shoulder arthroplasty. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101702

This study examined the impact of musculoskeletal health literacy on 90-day emergency department returns, readmissions, and post-operative adherence following primary total shoulder arthroplasty. The authors analyzed how limited health literacy influences patient adherence to instructions and healthcare resource utilization after elective shoulder surgery. Understanding this relationship may help identify patients at risk for poor adherence and guide targeted educational interventions to improve outcomes.

33. Zhang N, Chai Y, Jiang Y, et al. A low-profile anatomical locking plate for the treatment of humerus split-type greater tuberosity fractures compared to the proximal humerus internal locking system (PHILOS): a retrospective study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.11.025

This retrospective study compared clinical and radiological outcomes of a low-profile anatomical locking plate (LPALP) versus the PHILOS system for displaced split-type greater tuberosity fractures. The LPALP group demonstrated significantly shorter operation times, smaller incisions, and less blood loss while achieving comparable functional scores and satisfaction. These findings suggest LPALP offers a less invasive alternative with similar efficacy for this fracture type.

34. Mallon WJ, Kuhn JE“. A new JSES journal reveal. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.04.005

This editorial outlines the expansion of the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery family, highlighting the recent acquisition of the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty to enhance visibility for arthroplasty manuscripts. The move aims to improve public accessibility through open access and better database indexing. This strategic growth reflects the field's increasing research volume and subspecialization needs.

35. Unknown Author. Issue Information. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70446

This issue summary lists various articles in Arthroscopy, including studies on cartilage restoration, rotator cuff repair, Latarjet techniques, hip arthroscopy, and ACL injury patterns. It features commentaries by experts discussing these topics alongside original research. The content covers a broad spectrum of arthroscopic and related surgical interventions.

36. Kandeel AA. Post-traumatic Anterior Gleno-humeral Micro-instability in Non-athletic Patients Satisfactory Short-term Outcomes of a Case-control Study of Concurrent Intra-articular Soft Arthroscopic Latarjet Technique and Suture-anchor Capsular Plication. Journal of ISAKOS 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jisako.2026.101167

This case-control study evaluated the short-term outcomes of concurrent intra-articular soft arthroscopic Latarjet technique and suture-anchor capsular plication for post-traumatic anterior glenohumeral micro-instability in non-athletic patients. The results indicated satisfactory short-term clinical outcomes for this combined surgical approach. This technique may offer a viable option for managing instability in this specific patient population.

38. Taniguchi S, Hirakawa Y, Manaka T, et al. Assistant Experience Enhances the Learning Curve in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Comparative CUSUM Analysis of Three Surgeons. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.020

This study used CUSUM analysis to evaluate how assistant experience influences the learning curve for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty across three surgeons. Surgeons with prior assistant exposure under standardized workflows demonstrated faster proficiency and shorter operative times compared to those without such experience. Assistant mentorship appears to significantly accelerate surgical competency in rTSA.

41. Bozoghlian M, Galvin J, Rojas E, et al. Computerized Branching Logic Systems Significantly Improve the Accuracy of ASES Scores for Patients with Bilateral Shoulder Pain Undergoing Shoulder Arthroplasty. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.029

The authors developed and implemented a computerized branching logic system to improve the accuracy of ASES score collection for patients with bilateral shoulder pain undergoing arthroplasty. The study found that this system significantly enhanced the precision of functional outcome assessments compared to pre-implementation methods. This suggests that specialized data collection tools are necessary to accurately evaluate outcomes in complex bilateral pathology cases.

43. Denami F, Arenas-Miquelez A, Mercurio M, et al. Beach Chair versus Lateral Decubitus Positioning for Arthroscopic Anterior Shoulder Stabilization: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes and Surgical Parameters. Journal of ISAKOS 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jisako.2026.101185

This systematic review compared clinical outcomes and surgical parameters between beach chair and lateral decubitus positioning for arthroscopic anterior shoulder stabilization. The analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety profiles of both positioning methods to determine optimal surgical practices. The findings aim to guide surgeons in selecting the most appropriate positioning strategy based on patient-specific factors and procedural requirements.

44. Reihl AM, McBroom TJ, Wiley N, et al. Clinical Outcomes Following Arthroscopic Pectoralis Minor Release. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.025

The study retrospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of arthroscopic pectoralis minor release for treating pectoralis minor syndrome and neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Results demonstrated significant improvements in patient-reported outcome measures, supporting the procedure's effectiveness for these underrecognized conditions. The findings suggest that arthroscopic release is a viable treatment option for patients with scapulothoracic abnormal motion and associated symptoms.

48. (Jed) Kuhn JE. The Rapid Future Growth of Shoulder Arthroplasty. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.001

This editorial discusses the projected rapid growth in the volume of shoulder arthroplasty procedures in the coming years. It highlights the increasing demand for these surgeries due to an aging population and expanding indications. The article underscores the need for healthcare systems to prepare for this surge in surgical volume and resource allocation.

49. DiPaola MJ, Carinha M, Masood U, et al. Antibiotic Elution from PMMA Over 60 Days: an in vitro Study of 21 antibiotic combinations against C. acnes and Coagulase Negative Staph. (CNS). Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.030

This in vitro study evaluated the 60-day elution profiles of 21 antibiotic combinations from PMMA beads against C. acnes and Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus strains. The findings identify specific antibiotic regimens that maintain effective biological activity over time, aiding in the selection of optimal antibiotic-loaded cement for shoulder periprosthetic joint infections.

51. Bergstein VE, Ekkel K, Haft MA, et al. Response to Cromer S and Alkabbani W, “Letter to the Editor, regarding: Bergstein VE, Ekkel K, Haft MA, Mikula JD, Best MJ, Srikumaran U. GLP-1 agonist use increases the incidence of adhesive capsulitis and odds of requiring operative management in type 2 diabetes patients: a matched propensity score analysis. J Shoulder and Elbow Surg. 2025 Aug. 34(8):e656-e663”. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.003

This response addresses a letter to the editor regarding a previous study on GLP-1 agonists and adhesive capsulitis in type 2 diabetes patients. The authors defend their original findings and methodology, clarifying the association between GLP-1 use and increased incidence of adhesive capsulitis requiring operative management.

52. ORTEGA J, BLACHE Y, VIGNE G, et al. Isokinetic testing protocols for glenohumeral rotator strength assessment in unstable and surgically stabilized shoulders: A systematic review.. Journal of ISAKOS 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jisako.2026.101187

This systematic review analyzed isokinetic testing protocols for assessing glenohumeral rotator strength in patients with anterior instability and post-surgical shoulders. The findings highlight the lack of standardized procedures and reference values, suggesting that current protocols vary widely and need further validation to ensure reliable rehabilitation monitoring.

55. Sogbein OA, Klas P, Di Michele J, et al. Proximal Humerus Fractures Treated with Single or Dual-Plate Constructs: A Comparison of Clinical Outcomes. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.010

This retrospective cohort study compared clinical outcomes and complication rates between single-plate and dual-plate constructs for open reduction internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures. The findings suggest that dual plating may offer superior fixation stability and reduced reoperation rates, although long-term functional differences require further investigation.

56. Hatzidakis AM, Mauter L, Rossington AK, et al. Quality and Rate of Recovery after Simpliciti Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty and Tornier Pyrocarbon Hemiarthroplasty: A Propensity Score-Matched Comparative Study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.011

This propensity score-matched comparative study evaluated the rate of recovery and 2-year clinical outcomes between Simpliciti anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty and Tornier Pyrocarbon hemiarthroplasty. The results show comparable improvements in patient-reported outcomes and functional scores, indicating both procedures are viable options for glenohumeral osteoarthritis.

58. Lazzara JT, Nwadike BA, Ofori-Kuragu AG, et al. Assessing the Usefulness of Diagnostic Shoulder Arthroscopy in Evaluating Painful Shoulder Replacement: A Retrospective Case Series. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.016

This retrospective case series assessed the diagnostic utility of shoulder arthroscopy in evaluating persistent pain after total or reverse shoulder arthroplasty when conventional imaging and aspiration were inconclusive. Arthroscopy successfully identified infectious and mechanical causes of pain in many cases, directly influencing subsequent management decisions. The study supports the use of diagnostic arthroscopy as a valuable tool for resolving equivocal post-arthroplasty pain.

59. Khawaja SR, Hardrick JC, Und Aspang JS, et al. Total Shoulder Arthroplasty and Scapulohumeral Rhythm: The clinical impact of achieving native shoulder mechanics. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.013

This study analyzed the relationship between scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR) and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in 85 shoulders following total shoulder arthroplasty. The results indicated that decreased SHR, reflecting increased scapular contribution, was associated with worse PROMs such as ASES and SANE scores. This suggests that achieving more native shoulder mechanics may be clinically relevant for optimizing patient-reported outcomes after shoulder arthroplasty.

61. Ward GH, Jacobs SA, Marrero AN, et al. Shoulder Injury and Surgery Patterns Among Astronauts Across Spaceflight Phases and Mission Operations: An Analysis of 677 Injuries from 1981 to 2024. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.014

This retrospective analysis of 677 shoulder injuries in NASA astronauts from 1981 to 2024 characterized injury patterns across different spaceflight phases and training exposures. The study identified specific associations between Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory and extravehicular activity durations and the timing of shoulder injuries. These epidemiologic insights are critical for developing targeted prevention strategies and optimizing training protocols for astronauts.

63. Smadi Z, Abboud JA. Response to Chen and Wang: Clarifying patient follow-up in a cohort study of testosterone levels and adhesive capsulitis. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.06.019

This letter to the editor clarifies patient follow-up methodologies in a previous cohort study investigating the association between testosterone levels and adhesive capsulitis. The authors address specific concerns regarding the follow-up period to ensure the validity of the study's conclusions. This clarification aims to resolve potential misunderstandings about the study's design and data interpretation.

64. Shi BY, Fiandeiro M, Satalich JR, et al. Superior Internal Rotation after Anatomic vs. Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty Performed with Lesser Tuberosity Osteotomy. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.07.018

This retrospective study compared internal rotation and pain outcomes between anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty when both procedures utilized lesser tuberosity osteotomy for subscapularis management. Anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty demonstrated superior internal rotation and lower anterior shoulder pain compared to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty under these standardized conditions. The results suggest that implant design, rather than subscapularis management technique alone, contributes to differences in internal rotation outcomes.

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