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What's New — Spine — October 2025

21 new articles published this month.

Themes: Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Techniques · Scoliosis: Deformity, Monitoring, and Treatment · Degenerative Spine: Fusion, Osteoporosis, and Aging · Cervical Pathology and Patient Factors

Digest generated 2026-04-16 00:07:21+00:00.

Highlights

Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Techniques

This cluster highlights advancements in minimally invasive spine surgery, particularly endoscopic approaches for lumbar pathology. Articles [6] and [10] evaluate novel navigation systems and hyperextension techniques for percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, demonstrating improved workflow and clinical efficacy. Furthermore, [9] and [20] focus on unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression for conditions like epidural lipomatosis and degenerative spondylolisthesis, establishing safety and efficacy protocols. These studies collectively underscore the shift toward less invasive methods that reduce operative time and radiation exposure while maintaining robust functional outcomes for lumbar disc herniation and stenosis.

Scoliosis: Deformity, Monitoring, and Treatment

Focusing on spinal deformities, this theme encompasses both adolescent and adult scoliosis management. [8] and [13] address adolescent idiopathic scoliosis through pelvic morphology analysis and physical therapeutic exercises, while [16] provides long-term outcomes for congenital early-onset scoliosis treated with short fusion. [15] investigates preoperative coronal imbalance in degenerative scoliosis to optimize surgical planning. Additionally, [17] presents a systematic review on radiation-free monitoring methods, addressing the critical need to minimize ionizing radiation exposure during longitudinal follow-up. Together, these articles cover the spectrum from diagnosis and non-invasive monitoring to surgical correction and long-term prognosis.

Degenerative Spine: Fusion, Osteoporosis, and Aging

This theme addresses complex degenerative conditions and the impact of aging on surgical outcomes. [2] and [4] explore osteoporosis management, optimizing vertebroplasty outcomes with sequential therapy and analyzing subsidence risks in ACDF based on bone density. [7] examines the perioperative implications of aspirin use in lumbar interbody fusion, while [12] compares oblique versus posterior interbody fusion for adjacent segment disease. Finally, [18] and [21] investigate the influence of sarcopenia and multiple clinical aging indices on the efficacy of endoscopic treatments and overall surgical results in older adults, emphasizing the need for geriatric-specific considerations in spine care.

Cervical Pathology and Patient Factors

Dedicated to cervical spine disorders and patient-specific variables, this theme includes [11], which analyzes the significant impact of preoperative psychological distress on outcomes following anterior cervical surgery for myelopathy. [1] focuses on motion-preserving techniques for lumbar spondylolysis in young athletes, bridging the gap between pediatric/adolescent sports medicine and degenerative spine care. [3] presents a rare but critical complication, subarachnoid-pleural fistula, following thoracic surgery. [19] introduces virtual reality as an adjunctive therapy for lumbar disc herniation pain management. These articles highlight the importance of psychological assessment, rare complication management, and innovative rehabilitation strategies in spine surgery.

Articles by Theme

Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Techniques (4)

6. Zheng W, Xia W, Liu C, et al. Whole process navigated percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy guided by a novel X-ray instant navigation: a technical report and preliminary clinical outcomes. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09084-y

Précis unavailable.

9. Gao Z, Cai Z, Wu Y, et al. Short-term clinical efficacy of unilateral biportal endoscopic unilateral laminectomy for bilateral decompression for lumbar epidural lipomatosis: an observational study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09231-5

This observational study evaluated the short-term clinical efficacy of unilateral biportal endoscopic unilateral laminectomy for bilateral decompression in patients with lumbar epidural lipomatosis. The procedure demonstrated effective symptom relief and functional improvement in the short term. These findings suggest this minimally invasive technique is a viable treatment option for managing this specific condition.

10. Zhang S, Tong M, Mo J, et al. Clinical advantages of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy combined with lumbar hyperextension pressurization in the treatment of L4/5 single-segment lumbar disc herniation. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2025. doi:10.1186/s13018-025-06323-9

This study investigated the clinical advantages of combining percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy with lumbar hyperextension pressurization for single-segment L4/5 disc herniation. The combined approach yielded superior clinical outcomes compared to standard techniques. This suggests that adding hyperextension pressurization enhances the efficacy of endoscopic discectomy for this pathology.

20. Liu Y, Li G, Yu L, et al. Degenerative spondylolisthesis and unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis: a single-center, prospective cohort trial protocol. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09179-6

The provided text does not contain an abstract for this study, preventing the identification of methods, key findings, or clinical implications regarding the protocol for unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression in degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Scoliosis: Deformity, Monitoring, and Treatment (5)

8. Shen Y, Qin F, Hapulile NT, et al. Imaging study of pelvic morphology in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a retrospective study. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2025. doi:10.1186/s13018-025-06324-8

This retrospective imaging study examined pelvic morphology in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis to identify potential biomechanical contributors to spinal deformity. The findings revealed distinct pelvic shape variations in the scoliotic cohort compared to controls, suggesting a link between pelvic asymmetry and spinal curvature progression. Understanding these morphological differences may aid in developing more targeted screening and early intervention protocols for adolescent scoliosis.

13. Jia Q, Zhang B, Wang H, et al. Effectiveness of physical therapeutic scoliosis exercise (PSSE) intervention for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09218-2

Précis unavailable.

15. Wu M, Bao Y, Zhang H, et al. Preoperative coronal imbalance in degenerative scoliosis: a study on coronal and sagittal spinal-pelvic parameters——a retrospective study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09197-4

This retrospective study investigated the relationship between coronal and sagittal spinal-pelvic parameters and preoperative coronal imbalance in 162 patients with degenerative scoliosis. The analysis identified specific parameters associated with coronal imbalance to aid in preoperative planning. Understanding these relationships helps surgeons prevent imbalance and restore coronal balance for improved surgical outcomes.

16. Zhao Y, Du Y, Yang Y, et al. Lessons learned from short fusion with vertebrectomy for congenital early-onset scoliosis. The Bone & Joint Journal 2025. doi:10.1302/0301-620x.107b10.bjj-2025-0136.r1

This study evaluated the long-term clinical outcomes of short fusion with vertebrectomy for congenital early-onset scoliosis in 41 patients followed until skeletal maturity. While effective initially, the study identified specific risk factors associated with the loss of correction over time. These findings highlight the need for careful patient selection and long-term monitoring for this surgical approach.

17. Bertsch M, Mulatero L, Salehpour S, et al. Exploring radiation-free scoliosis monitoring: systematic review and meta-analysis of non-ionizing methods. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09034-8

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of emerging radiation-free scoliosis monitoring techniques against radiographic standards in 4,774 patients. The study pooled data to assess criterion validity, finding that non-ionizing methods show promising correlation with traditional X-rays for tracking spinal deformity. These findings suggest that radiation-free alternatives could safely replace or reduce radiographic monitoring, mitigating long-term cancer risks in adolescents. The remaining articles (33948, 33949, 33993, 33999) lack abstracts in the provided text, preventing the extraction of specific methods, findings, or clinical implications for a précis.

Degenerative Spine: Fusion, Osteoporosis, and Aging (6)

2. Xie Y, Niu S, Ma Y, et al. Sequential anti-osteoporotic therapy with teriparatide and alendronate optimizes outcomes of percutaneous vertebroplasty in acute osteoporotic vertebral fractures: a 12-month prospective cohort study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09256-w

Researchers conducted a prospective cohort study to evaluate the efficacy of sequential anti-osteoporotic therapy using teriparatide followed by alendronate in patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty for acute fractures. The key finding was that this sequential regimen significantly improved vertebral stability and reduced subsidence rates compared to standard care. Clinically, this supports integrating targeted bone-building and anti-resorptive medications to enhance long-term surgical outcomes in osteoporotic fractures.

4. Liu G, Zhang J, Tian X, et al. Deciphering subsidence risk after ACDF: a biomechanical study on bone density and endplate thickness. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09255-x

This study established a novel X-ray instant navigation (XIN) system to guide the entire workflow of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) and evaluated its clinical performance. The technique demonstrated high safety and efficacy, characterized by reduced operative times, minimal fluoroscopy exposure, and short hospital stays. The findings suggest that XIN-guided PELD is a viable, efficient alternative for treating lumbar disc herniation with enhanced precision.

7. Huang H, Wang X, Yang Q. Long-term aspirin use and perioperative outcomes in lumbar interbody fusion: a population-based study using US national inpatient sample database. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2025. doi:10.1186/s13018-025-06261-6

Using a large national inpatient database, this population-based study analyzed the impact of long-term aspirin use on perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing lumbar interbody fusion. The analysis revealed that aspirin use was associated with specific changes in bleeding complications and transfusion requirements without significantly increasing major adverse events. These results assist surgeons in balancing thromboprophylaxis needs against surgical bleeding risks during perioperative planning.

12. Chen M, Xia X, Wei Y, et al. Oblique lumbar interbody fusion versus posterior lumbar interbody fusion for adjacent segment disease following prior lumbar fusion: a meta-analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2025. doi:10.1186/s13018-025-06317-7

This meta-analysis compared oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) versus posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) for treating adjacent segment disease following prior lumbar fusion. The study aimed to determine which approach offers better radiographic and clinical outcomes for this complex revision scenario. The findings provide evidence to guide surgical selection for managing adjacent segment disease.

18. Peng Y, Wang H, Zhou H, et al. Impact of sarcopenia on the clinical efficacy of delta large-channel endoscopic treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis in older adults: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09129-2

The provided text does not contain an abstract for this study, preventing the identification of methods, key findings, or clinical implications regarding sarcopenia's impact on endoscopic treatment efficacy.

21. Kurihara R, Akaike Y, Michikawa T, et al. Comparative analysis of surgically treated degenerative cervical and lumbar spine diseases using multiple clinical aging indices. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09185-8

The provided text does not contain an abstract for this study, preventing the identification of methods, key findings, or clinical implications regarding the use of clinical aging indices in surgically treated spine diseases.

Cervical Pathology and Patient Factors (4)

1. Wang H, Niu P, Yang X, et al. Comparative outcomes of motion-preserving techniques for lumbar spondylolysis in young athletes. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09219-1

This study compared clinical outcomes of various motion-preserving surgical techniques for treating lumbar spondylolysis in young athletes. The findings indicated differences in return-to-sport rates and pain relief among the specific techniques evaluated. These results suggest that selecting the appropriate motion-preserving method is critical for optimizing athletic recovery in this demographic.

3. Zhu F, Zhao R, Zhang Y, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of subarachnoid-pleural fistula following thoracic spine surgery: a case series study and systematic literature review. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2025. doi:10.1186/s13018-025-06348-0

This article presents a case series and systematic review detailing the diagnosis and management of subarachnoid-pleural fistulas, a rare complication following thoracic spine surgery. The study identified specific imaging markers and surgical repair strategies that effectively resolved the fistula in the reported cases. These findings provide a crucial framework for early recognition and intervention to prevent severe respiratory complications in postoperative patients.

11. Wang C, Xue Y, Lun Z, et al. The effect of preoperative psychological state on postoperative outcomes of anterior cervical approach in cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a retrospective case‒control study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09168-9

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effectiveness of physical therapeutic scoliosis exercise (PSSE) interventions for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The analysis synthesized data to determine the efficacy of PSSE in halting curve progression and improving quality of life. The results support the integration of PSSE as a non-surgical management strategy for adolescents with scoliosis.

19. Buztepe S, Çapik C. The effect of exercises done with virtual reality glasses on pain, daily life activities, and quality of life of individuals with lumbar disc hernia: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09130-9

The provided text does not contain an abstract for this study, preventing the identification of methods, key findings, or clinical implications regarding virtual reality exercises for lumbar disc herniation.

5. Cai P, Li Y. The influence of different genders on the relationship between the size and density of paravertebral muscles and subcutaneous adipose tissue and the proximal femoral bone in elderly people with hip fractures. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09239-x

This research investigated how gender influences the relationship between paravertebral muscle characteristics, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and proximal femoral bone density in elderly hip fracture patients. The study found distinct gender-specific patterns in muscle-fat-bone interactions that correlate with fracture risk. These insights highlight the need for gender-tailored strategies in assessing sarcopenia and osteoporosis to improve fracture prevention in the elderly.

14. Sulaiman S, V. AN, N. SAJ, et al. Radiographic and surgical predictive factors for restoring segmental lumbar lordosis and normal spinopelvic balance following TLIF surgery in lumbar spondylolisthesis patients. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-08893-5

This study identified radiographic and surgical predictive factors for restoring segmental lumbar lordosis and normal spinopelvic balance in patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis undergoing TLIF surgery. Specific preoperative parameters were found to correlate strongly with the success of spinal alignment restoration. Surgeons can utilize these factors to better plan procedures and predict postoperative spinal balance.

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