What's New — Shoulder — October 2026¶
150 new articles published this month.
Themes: Rotator Cuff Repair Augmentation · RC Repair Techniques and Outcomes · Shoulder Instability Management · Reverse and Anatomic Arthroplasty · Periprosthetic Infection and PJI · Sports Injuries and Athletes
Digest generated 2026-11-04 16:10:47+00:00.
Highlights¶
Rotator Cuff Repair Augmentation¶
This month's literature features a strong focus on augmenting rotator cuff repairs to reduce retear rates. A meta-analysis of randomised trials found biologic graft augmentation associated with lower retear rates and greater tendon thickness [47], and a scoping review mapped the expanding landscape of allografts, xenografts, PRP, and stem-cell strategies [32]. A JBJS review concluded bioinductive collagen implants currently carry the highest-level evidence, while xenografts have fallen out of favour [53]. Technique papers described all-polyester patch augmentation [26], a collagen scaffold 'slide' technique [41], palmaris longus bridging for bursal-sided partial tears [42], fascia lata augmentation for thinned tendons [75], and a 'triple-beam' biceps-plus-palmaris construct for massive tears [4]. However, a systematic review found no evidence supporting dermal allograft augmentation in the revision setting [8], and collagen membrane over a PET patch did not alter biomechanics [122].
RC Repair Techniques and Outcomes¶
Beyond augmentation, several studies refined core repair technique and defined postoperative success. A systematic review highlighted the lack of a consensus definition of 'failure' after rotator cuff repair and proposed a reporting standard [12]. Technique innovations included a knot method preventing medial-row loosening and lateral-row anchor failure [6], high-strength suture tape in a suspension-bridge configuration for tension reduction [7], transosseous repair for severe osteoporosis [22], and all-arthroscopic muscle advancement with pan scapular release for massive tears [40]. Biomechanical testing showed round and tape sutures with interference-fit anchors perform similarly [52]. Clinical studies examined predictors of PROMIS pain interference after repair [68], deltoid morphometry effects on early recovery [64], the relationship between postoperative stiffness and retear with triple-row repair [147], early versus delayed rehabilitation effects on stiffness [86], and value-based assessment of repair [111].
Shoulder Instability Management¶
Anterior instability dominated the stabilisation literature. Bone-loss assessment was addressed through clinical validation of the global track concept [13], advanced 3D analysis of glenohumeral bony morphology [69], and radiographic comparison showing congruent-arc distal tibial allograft provides greater glenoid concavity than traditional grafts [35]. Outcomes data included 5-year results after Bankart repair in young patients with minimal bone loss [14], favourable adolescent Latarjet outcomes [50], lower reoperation rates with Latarjet versus free bone block [15], 10-year results of arthroscopic Trillat coracoid transfer [140], and distal clavicle autograft bone-block stabilisation [88]. A meta-analysis supported adding remplissage for on-track Hill-Sachs lesions [96], with remplissage-related external rotation deficits not compromising meaningful outcomes [90]. Capsulolabral repair during arthroscopic Latarjet reduced osteoarthritis development [100], and glenoid chondral lesion extent predicted post-Bankart arthritis [1].
Reverse and Anatomic Arthroplasty¶
Arthroplasty research spanned implant design, technology, and complications. Long-term data showed 10-year survivorship and risk factors for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty failure [61], favourable 6-year results for a hybrid glenoid anatomic system [27], and superior long-term survivorship of polyethylene versus metallic glenospheres in reverse arthroplasty [135]. A systematic review examined lateralization and distalization angles after reverse arthroplasty [20], while simulation studies compared anatomic versus reverse biomechanics with an intact cuff [65]. Technology assessments covered robotic assistance reducing operative time variability [49], HoloLens augmented reality for implant positioning [99], and CT-based prediction of acromial/scapular spine fractures [113]. Complication-focused work included preoperative malnutrition and periprosthetic joint infection risk [85], myocardial infarction timing and postoperative complications [124], and preoperative falls predicting adverse outcomes [150].
Periprosthetic Infection and PJI¶
Periprosthetic joint infection received dedicated attention this month. Proceedings from the 2025 International Consensus Meeting presented an updated, evidence-based definition of shoulder periprosthetic joint infection, refining the 2018 criteria through a modified Delphi process informed by 86 systematic reviews and multicenter data [84]. Complementing this, a predictive modeling study using prospective multicenter revision arthroplasty data developed an evidence-based framework for diagnosing clinically apparent shoulder PJI, informing minor criteria selection and diagnostic categories [102]. A survey of ASES members revealed substantial practice variation in dental antibiotic prophylaxis after total shoulder arthroplasty, with experience managing suspected dental-related PJI associated with higher prescribing rates, prompting a call for shoulder-specific guidelines [77]. Additionally, a study of stem retention during conversion of anatomic to reverse arthroplasty quantified the risk of occult infection and characterized microbiological findings [87].
Sports Injuries and Athletes¶
Athletic shoulder injuries featured prominently, particularly in overhead athletes. Collegiate pitching research linked changes in game pitch count and fastball velocity to arm injuries [18], while a 10-year MLB analysis examined injury rates before and after pitch clock implementation [138]. Junior tennis players showed age-related humeral retrotorsion asymmetry detectable on ultrasound [89]. Technique papers addressed tension-controlled fixation of glenolabral articular disruption in overhead athletes [19] and circumferential labral repair with biceps tenodesis in elite throwers [30]. Epidemiologic analyses covered Brazilian jiu-jitsu emergency department burden [81], pickleball versus tennis musculoskeletal injury trends [139], and clavicle fracture epidemiology with associated injuries and surgical rates [56]. Trauma-focused work included proximal humeral fracture management guidance [70, 55], horizontal plating for greater tuberosity fractures [57], and scapular fracture with great vessel injury risk in geriatric trauma [136].
Articles by Theme¶
Rotator Cuff Repair Augmentation (10)¶
4. Zhang C, Liu Z, Chen M, et al. Arthroscopic “Triple‐Beam” Biologic Augmentation of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears Using the Combined Long Head of Biceps Transposition and Autologous Palmaris Longus Tendon Bridging. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70355
The authors describe an arthroscopic 'Triple-Beam' technique for massive rotator cuff tears combining long head of the biceps transposition with an autologous palmaris longus tendon bridge, forming a three-beam construct fixed to the greater tuberosity. The design aims to provide static superior restraint and dynamic load distribution while reducing tension across the repair interface. This cost-effective, all-autologous approach may lower suture cut-through and structural failure rates in tears unsuitable for standard repair or superior capsule reconstruction.
8. Hurley ET, Villarreal‐Espinosa JB, Levin JM, et al. Lack of Evidence for Improved Outcomes With Dermal Allograft Augmentation of Revision Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Systematic Review. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70650
This systematic review of 27 studies (1244 shoulders) compared revision arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with and without dermal allograft augmentation, including 6 augmented cohorts. Available evidence, largely Level III-IV, showed no clear improvement in patient-reported outcomes, range of motion, or structural healing with allograft augmentation. Higher-quality comparative studies are needed before routine use of dermal allograft augmentation in revision rotator cuff repair can be recommended.
26. Fliegel B, Beall K, Dham M, et al. Surgical Technique for Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair With All‐Polyester Patch Augmentation. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70322
The authors describe an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair technique using a novel FDA-approved all-polyester suture-based patch (SuturePatch) combined with biceps tenodesis, intended for poor-quality or revision tendon repairs. The low-profile woven scaffold provides immediate load-sharing reinforcement and may serve as a biologic scaffold at the tendon-bone interface while avoiding drawbacks of traditional grafts such as inflammation, bulk, and donor-site morbidity. This technique offers surgeons a reproducible augmentation option for challenging rotator cuff repairs.
32. Sabry AO, Elmenawi KA, Ibrahim S, et al. Recent concepts in biological augmentation for rotator cuff tears: a scoping review. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2026. doi:10.1186/s12891-026-10436-5
A scoping review of 419 studies summarized biological augmentation strategies for rotator cuff repair, categorizing them into allografts, xenografts, autografts, platelet-rich plasma, stem cells, non-tissue grafts, and other adjuncts. Human dermal allografts were the most frequently studied strategy and were associated with favourable healing and clinical outcomes. The review provides an evidence map to guide surgical decision-making when augmenting rotator cuff repairs, particularly for large or degenerative tears at high risk of failure.
41. Bueide PA, Shearer JD, Peldo RM, et al. Augmentation of Rotator Cuff Repair With a Bioinductive Collagen Scaffold: The Arthroscopic Slide Technique. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70286
The authors describe an arthroscopic technique for augmenting rotator cuff repair with a collagen scaffold tensioned via laterally based pulley sutures, creating a load-sharing construct. The technique requires only two additional sutures beyond the biologic scaffold, minimising implant costs. It aims to reduce retear rates in at-risk patients by providing supplemental structural support to the repair.
42. Zheng G, Liu Z, Yu J, et al. Arthroscopic Palmaris Longus Tendon Bridging for Augmented Repair of Bursal‐Sided Partial Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70285
This technical note presents an arthroscopic method using the palmaris longus tendon as a bridging graft to augment repair of bursal-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tears with significant retraction from delamination. The graft is intended to promote biological healing while avoiding high-tension direct repair of the retracted bursal layer. The approach targets the challenging subgroup of tears at high risk for retear with conventional techniques.
47. Amin V, Ghayyad K, Oshikoya O, et al. Biologic Graft Augmentation Is Associated With Lower Retear Rates and Greater Tendon Thickness Compared With Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Without Augmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70619
This meta-analysis of 9 randomised controlled trials (556 patients) with over 1 year follow-up evaluated biologic graft augmentation in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Augmentation significantly reduced retear rates (risk ratio 0.31) and increased tendon thickness compared with repair alone. The findings support biologic graft augmentation as an effective strategy to improve structural outcomes, though clinical scores showed less clear benefit.
53. Boufadel P, Daher M, Satalich JR, et al. Biologic and Synthetic Augmentation in Rotator Cuff Repair. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 2026. doi:10.2106/jbjs.26.00106
This review summarizes the current evidence on biologic and synthetic augmentation of rotator cuff repair, particularly for compromised tissue quality. Xenografts have fallen out of favour, while allografts, synthetic grafts, bioinductive collagen implants (strongest Level-I evidence for improved healing and reduced retears), and long head of the biceps autograft each have selected roles. Clinical decision-making should match graft choice to patient-specific tissue quality, as optimal indications and long-term outcomes remain incompletely defined.
75. Ito T, Hayashi N, Arifuku T, et al. Arthroscopic Repair of a Partial-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tear with Extensive Tendon Thinning Using Fascia Lata Graft Augmentation: A Case Report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100890
This case report presents arthroscopic repair of a partial-thickness rotator cuff tear with extensive tendon thinning augmented with a fascia lata graft. The graft reinforced the thinned tendon and supported healing. The report suggests fascia lata augmentation may be a useful option for partial-thickness tears with substantial tissue loss at risk of failure with standard repair.
122. Castroviejo C, Hochreiter B, Sutter N, et al. Biological collagen matrix membrane augmentation of an overlayed and interlocked nonwoven polyethylene terephthalate patch for rotator cuff repair does not alter biomechanical properties. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101811
In a biomechanical cadaveric study, investigators tested whether adding a biological collagen matrix membrane to an overlayed, interlocked nonwoven polyethylene terephthalate patch changes the construct's mechanical properties for rotator cuff repair. Augmentation with the collagen membrane did not alter the biomechanical properties of the patch construct. This supports combining the biologic potential of a collagen membrane with synthetic patch reinforcement without compromising mechanical strength.
RC Repair Techniques and Outcomes (11)¶
6. Wang W, Gao M, Wang Y, et al. A Simple Knot Technique to Simultaneously Prevent Medial‐Row Suture Loosening and Lateral‐Row Anchor Failure in Double‐Row Rotator Cuff Repair. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70370
The authors describe a knot-tying augmentation for double-row rotator cuff repair in which a surgeon's knot is placed flush against the lateral bone-anchor interface to act as a mechanical stopper against medial suture traction. This counterforce prevents suture slippage, maintains footprint compression, and protects against lateral-row anchor pullout without additional implants. The technique may be especially valuable in osteoporotic bone and massive tears at risk for early fixation failure.
7. Liu S, Wen H, Dou Z, et al. Tension‐Reducing Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Using High‐Strength Suture Tape in a Suspension Bridge Configuration. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70335
This technique paper describes tension-reducing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using high-strength suture tape passed in a U-shaped configuration through the tendon stump and secured to a lateral-row anchor, allowing medial-row sutures to approximate the tendon under near-zero tension. Load sharing by the tape reduces suture cut-through at the medial row. The approach is intended to decrease retear rates and promote healing in repairs under high tension.
12. Cecere M, Chan A, Sritharan P, et al. Definitions and reporting of ‘failure’ after rotator cuff repair: A systematic review of level I and level II evidence and proposal for standardisation. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261501972
This systematic review of 22 Level I and II studies examined how failure after rotator cuff repair is defined and reported, finding that only 45.5% provided a formal definition, with imaging-based tendon integrity being the most common parameter. Reported failure rates varied dramatically depending on the definition used, exceeding 50% with imaging-based criteria but reaching 0% with patient-reported outcome measure-based definitions. The authors propose a standardised reporting framework to enable meaningful comparison across rotator cuff repair trials.
22. Qiu Y, Xie J, He M, et al. A Transosseous Suture Technique for Rotator Cuff Repair in Patients With Severe Osteoporosis. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70326
A transosseous rotator cuff repair technique is described for patients with severe osteoporosis, in whom suture anchor pullout is a major concern. The method simulates the function of a medial-row anchor while avoiding anchor-related complications. It combines favourable biomechanical strength with a straightforward procedure and low complication risk, providing an effective alternative for tears in patients with compromised bone quality.
40. Moriyama H, Gotoh M, Ohzono H, et al. All‐Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Muscle Advancement With Pan Scapular Release and Using the Scapular Triangular View. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70301
A technique is presented for all-arthroscopic rotator cuff muscle advancement in posterosuperior massive tears, using pan scapular release viewed through a scapular triangular portal. The authors define the 'Hakusen-triangular area complex', fibrous bands and periosteum along the medial scapular border, and show that complete subperiosteal release of this unit improves cuff excursion compared with conventional release, which left residual periosteum in cadaveric comparison. This standardised endpoint may enhance mobilization of massive rotator cuff tears.
52. Dimitroff JD, Smith C, Hanish S, et al. Round versus tape sutures with interference fit anchors perform similarly in cadaveric glenoid and greater tuberosity biomechanical testing. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 2026. doi:10.1007/s00402-026-06524-9
Cadaveric biomechanical testing compared flat-tape versus round-wire sutures in interference-fit anchors for glenoid labrum and rotator cuff repair models under cyclic loading and load-to-failure. Suture shape showed no significant differences in cyclic displacement, yield characteristics, stiffness, or ultimate failure strength at the suture-anchor-bone interface. Surgeons can therefore choose suture type based on handling and preference rather than biomechanical performance.
64. Afacan MY, Balci EC. Preoperative MRI-Derived Deltoid Morphometry and Early Pain and Functional Recovery After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Size-Normalized, Segment-Specific Analysis. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261486433
In a retrospective cohort of 38 patients undergoing arthroscopic repair of full-thickness supraspinatus tears, preoperative MRI-derived deltoid morphometry (segment-specific thickness and cross-sectional area) was normalised to humeral head diameter and correlated with early postoperative pain and function. The study tested whether greater size-normalised deltoid thickness, particularly posterior, predicts superior early Constant scores and lower pain. The findings inform whether deltoid morphology on preoperative MRI can be used to prognosticate early recovery after rotator cuff repair.
68. Blommer JM, Funk K, Kinney SL, et al. Predictors of PROMIS Pain Interference Two Years After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.09.014
A prospectively enrolled registry of 203 patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair was reviewed to identify preoperative predictors of PROMIS Pain Interference scores two years postoperatively. Demographic, surgical, and comorbidity factors (Charlson Comorbidity Index) were analyzed against two-year PROMIS PI scores and change from baseline, alongside other PROs. Identifying preoperative predictors allows clinicians to counsel patients on expected pain-related outcomes and target those at higher risk for persistent pain interference after repair.
86. Shou S, He L, Liu P, et al. Effects of Early Rehabilitation on Shoulder Joint Stiffness and Functional Recovery Following Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.003
This retrospective study of 135 patients after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair compared early (n=64) versus delayed (n=71) rehabilitation initiation, using inverse probability of treatment weighting for sensitivity analysis. Early rehabilitation was associated with less shoulder stiffness at 3 months and better outcomes including higher Constant and ASES scores, lower pain, and greater passive forward flexion. These findings support initiating rehabilitation early after ARCR to reduce stiffness and improve functional recovery.
111. Pernoud A, Bothorel H, Abraham Y, et al. Short-Term Value of Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Value-Based Health Care Approach From the LaTour Group. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261490733
This economic and decision analysis evaluated the 12-month value of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in 506 patients using a value-based health care framework, defining value as the ratio of quality (improvements in patient-reported outcome measures and tendon healing) to cost (direct surgical expenses relative to DRG-based reimbursement). Patient-reported outcomes improved significantly, with 80% of patients achieving a substantial quality score. Multivariable regression identified factors associated with value, quality, and cost, supporting the use of VBHC metrics to demonstrate and optimise the value of ARCR.
147. Takahashi R, Sagami R, Harada Y, et al. Relationship Between Postoperative Stiffness and Retear After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Using the Triple-Row Technique. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100914
This study investigated the relationship between postoperative shoulder stiffness and structural retear following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair performed with a triple-row technique. The findings indicate an association between postoperative stiffness and lower retear rates, suggesting stiffness may reflect a biologic healing response. Clinically, this may reassure surgeons that early stiffness after triple-row repair is not necessarily detrimental and could correlate with improved tendon integrity.
Shoulder Instability Management (12)¶
1. Kim K, Shin S. Greater Glenoid Chondral Lesion Extent and Lack of Labral Coverage Are Associated With the Development of Radiographic Osteoarthritis After Arthroscopic Bankart Repair. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70668
The authors retrospectively classified glenoid chondral lesions in patients undergoing arthroscopic Bankart repair according to anterior extension relative to the bare area and correlated lesion extent and postoperative labral coverage with radiographic osteoarthritis at minimum 2-year follow-up. Larger chondral lesions extending beyond the bare area and lack of labral coverage over the lesion were associated with development of radiographic glenohumeral osteoarthritis. This suggests arthroscopic mapping of chondral injury and achieving labral coverage may help stratify osteoarthritis risk and guide counseling after Bankart repair.
13. Bulleit CH, Hurley ET, Lorentz SG, et al. Evaluation of Global Track in Patients With Anterior Shoulder Instability and Glenohumeral Bone Loss. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261494287
This retrospective case series of 40 patients with anterior shoulder instability evaluated global track parameters (humeral angle, glenoid angle, global track angle) measured on 3-dimensional CT against traditional imaging-based metrics of glenohumeral bone loss. The study sought to clinically validate the global track concept and determine critical threshold values for identifying engagement risk. The findings help contextualize global track measurements within established instability metrics, supporting their use in surgical decision-making for bipolar bone loss.
14. Fritsch L, Mitchell BC, Horan MP, et al. Five-Year Outcomes and Return to Sport After Arthroscopic Bankart Repair in Young Patients With Minimal (<10%) or No Glenoid Bone Loss. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261491064
This case series evaluated 5-year outcomes, return to sport, and predictors of failure after arthroscopic Bankart repair (without remplissage) in patients aged 24 years or younger with minimal (<10%) or no glenoid bone loss. The study analyzed patient-reported outcomes, satisfaction, radiographic measurements including distance-to-dislocation, and return-to-sport rates. The results inform expectations and risk stratification for young athletes undergoing Bankart repair, particularly regarding contact sport participation and bony anatomy as potential failure predictors.
15. Kucirek NK, Trotter MV, Feeley BT, et al. Latarjet Offers Lower 2‐Year Reoperation Rate With Similar Rates of Nerve Injury Compared With Anterior Free Bone Block Procedure in a Large Insurance Claims Database. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70649
Using the PearlDiver insurance claims database, this retrospective study compared 2-year reoperation and nerve injury rates between the Latarjet procedure and anterior free bone block procedures for glenoid bone augmentation, and characterized national utilisation trends from 2010 to 2022. The Latarjet procedure was associated with a lower 2-year reoperation rate with similar rates of nerve injury compared with free bone block procedures. These population-level data support the Latarjet as the preferred option among glenoid augmentation procedures, though selection bias inherent to claims data warrants caution.
35. Tummala SV, Lai CH, Tarabichi S, et al. Congruent‐Arc Posterior Distal Tibial Allograft Shows Greater Radiographic Glenoid Concavity Compared With Traditional Lateral Tibial Allograft in Glenoid Bone Loss. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70610
Using 32 ankle CT scans, investigators compared concavity depth and slope angle of the congruent-arc distal tibial allograft (harvested from the posterior distal tibia) with the traditional lateral distal tibial allograft for glenoid reconstruction. The CA-DTA showed significantly greater glenoid concavity change (2.9 mm vs −2.3 mm) and slope angle (22.9° vs −9.78°), with all CA-DTAs demonstrating positive concavity and slope. The congruent-arc harvest may better restore glenoid geometry in anterior shoulder instability with bone loss.
50. Rab P, Shirinskiy IJ, Lafosse T, et al. Favorable Functional Outcomes and Low Instability Recurrence Rates After the Latarjet Procedure in Adolescent Patients: A Systematic Review. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70521
A systematic review (PROSPERO-registered, PRISMA-compliant) evaluated clinical, functional, and radiographic outcomes of the Latarjet procedure in adolescents aged 10-19 with anterior shoulder instability, with minimum 2-year follow-up. The review found favourable functional outcomes, high return-to-sports rates, and low recurrence of instability. The Latarjet procedure appears to be a reliable option for adolescent shoulder instability, though complication and revision rates should be weighed against these benefits.
69. Jin H, Pang L, Chen S, et al. Association Between Glenohumeral Bony Morphology and Anterior Shoulder Instability: An Advanced Three-Dimensional Analysis. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.09.013
Three-dimensional CT models of 105 patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability and 105 controls were compared for glenoid and humeral head morphologic parameters, including glenoid index, version, inclination, depth, humeral head containment angle, and head-to-glenoid diameter ratio. Within-patient comparisons of affected versus unaffected shoulders and against controls distinguished acquired from constitutional bony differences, with sex-based subgroup analyses. The findings clarify which glenohumeral morphologic features predispose to anterior instability and may guide evaluation for bony correction or augmentation procedures.
88. Kyriacou S, Little M, Elhoseiny A, et al. Arthroscopic anterior shoulder bone-block stabilisation using distal clavicle autograft: A case series of 41 patients. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.09.024
This case series of 41 patients evaluated arthroscopic anterior bone-block stabilisation using distal clavicle autograft for glenoid bone loss in anterior shoulder instability, performed by two surgeons between 2020 and 2023. The technique aims to provide an anatomical glenoid reconstruction while avoiding the up to 25% complication rates reported with Latarjet. The findings suggest distal clavicle autograft bone-block stabilisation is a feasible alternative to coracoid transfer, though larger comparative studies are needed.
90. Gungor CI, Oklaz EB, Akin B, et al. Does External Rotation Deficit After Arthroscopic Labral Repair with Remplissage Affect Clinically Meaningful Outcomes ?. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.09.021
Patients who underwent arthroscopic labral repair with remplissage were evaluated for postoperative external rotation deficit and its relationship to MCID, SCB, and PASS achievement, along with demographic and Hill-Sachs lesion factors including craniocaudal lesion position. The study examined whether quantitatively labeled ER loss translates into failure to reach clinically meaningful outcome thresholds. Results inform preoperative counseling about the functional relevance of ER restriction after remplissage.
96. Guthrie T, Baumann AN, Yoder RG, et al. The Addition of Remplissage to Arthroscopic Labral Repair is Associated with Lower Rates of Recurrent Instability and Higher Rates of Return to Sport for Patients with On-Track Hill-Sachs Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100895
A systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies evaluated whether adding remplissage to arthroscopic labral repair in patients with on-track Hill-Sachs lesions affects recurrent instability and return to sport. Pooling showed remplissage was associated with lower recurrence rates and higher return-to-sport rates. The findings support routine consideration of remplissage even for on-track lesions during instability surgery.
100. Delgado C, Martínez-Rodríguez JM, Valencia M, et al. Anterior Capsulolabral Repair During Arthroscopic Latarjet Reduces the Risk of Osteoarthritis Development: A Matched-Pair Study. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261487837
In this matched-pair cohort study, 86 patients undergoing arthroscopic Latarjet were compared with versus without additional anterior capsulolabral repair, with glenohumeral osteoarthritis assessed on CT at 2 and 5 years. Capsulolabral repair reduced the risk of osteoarthritis development without compromising clinical outcomes, recurrence, or return to sport. Adding capsulolabral repair to the arthroscopic Latarjet should be considered to protect long-term joint health.
140. Piercecchi A, Henriquet H, Laine E, et al. Arthroscopic Trillat procedure for chronic anterior shoulder instability: outcomes at a minimum 10-year follow-up. Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research 2026. doi:10.1016/j.otsr.2026.104978
This retrospective single-center study evaluated 31 of 37 patients (mean follow-up 11.7 years) who underwent arthroscopic Trillat coracoid transfer for chronic anterior shoulder instability, excluding patients with multidirectional/voluntary instability or glenoid bone loss over 20%. The procedure provided durable stabilisation at more than 10 years, with low rates of recurrent dislocation and reoperation, and acceptable functional scores, motion, and return to sport. The arthroscopic Trillat procedure is a reliable long-term option for chronic anterior instability, extending its validated mid-term efficacy beyond a decade.
Reverse and Anatomic Arthroplasty (11)¶
20. Phua SKA, Soong TK, Lädermann A, et al. The impact of lateralization and distalization shoulder angles—A systematic review of range of motion and clinical outcomes following reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261497964
This systematic review of 12 studies (2303 patients) evaluated whether the lateralization shoulder angle (LSA) and distalization shoulder angle (DSA) correlate with range of motion, clinical outcomes, and complications after reverse shoulder arthroplasty. LSA and DSA were significantly correlated with acromial stress, scapular spine fractures, and deltoid stiffness. The findings help clarify the prognostic value of these radiographic parameters for guiding implant selection and counseling patients.
27. Jaipal C, Eyre-Brook A, Vun J, et al. Outcomes for the anatomic hybrid glenoid total shoulder arthroplasty system, A 6-year median follow-up. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261498026
A retrospective review of 51 anatomic hybrid glenoid total shoulder arthroplasties in 46 patients with median 6-year follow-up assessed implant survival and clinical outcomes. Survivorship was 97.6% at 7 years, with only one revision for aseptic glenoid loosening, and significant improvements in Oxford Shoulder scores and all planes of motion were maintained at latest follow-up. Hybrid glenoid fixation appears to reduce glenoid loosening and provides durable mid-term outcomes in anatomic shoulder arthroplasty.
49. Frederickson M, Singh D, Menendez ME. Robotic assistance reduces operative time variability in reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a retrospective single-surgeon study. International Orthopaedics 2026. doi:10.1007/s00264-026-07056-y
In a retrospective single-surgeon series, operative times of post-learning-curve robotic-assisted reverse shoulder arthroplasty (Mako) were compared with conventional cases. Robotic assistance reduced variability in operative time, reflecting more consistent surgical workflow. This suggests the reproducibility benefits of robotics extend beyond implant positioning to operative efficiency, though the single-surgeon design limits generalizability.
61. Saad Berreta R, Badin D, Fox H, et al. Minimum 10-year survivorship and risk factors for failure following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261492278
A retrospective database cohort of 5269 patients who underwent reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (2010-2013) was analyzed for at least 10-year survivorship, with revision as the failure endpoint. Survival rates were 97.8% at 1 year, 95.7% at 5 years, and 95.0% at 10 years, with most revisions occurring early (mean 2.5 years). Younger age, male sex, prior rotator cuff repair, and glenohumeral osteoarthritis as the primary diagnosis were significant risk factors for revision, informing long-term counseling and surveillance.
65. Soodmand I, Tischer T, Herrmann S, et al. Anatomic versus reverse total shoulder replacement with an intact rotator cuff: a comparative musculoskeletal simulation study of glenohumeral joint biomechanics. Arthroplasty 2026. doi:10.1186/s42836-026-00432-4
A validated musculoskeletal multibody simulation with a six-degree-of-freedom glenohumeral joint model compared biomechanics of anatomic versus reverse total shoulder replacement in the setting of an intact rotator cuff during scapular-plane elevation. Reverse TSR altered muscle force distribution (including deltoid-to-cuff force ratios), joint contact forces, shear-to-compression balance, contact pressure, and joint translations relative to anatomic TSR. The findings help inform implant selection for elderly patients with intact-cuff osteoarthritis by quantifying the biomechanical trade-offs of choosing reverse over anatomic arthroplasty.
85. Nishiura R, Nakazawa K, Manaka T, et al. Preoperative Malnutrition and Risk of Periprosthetic Joint Infection After Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Evaluation Using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.09.018
In a retrospective study of 157 patients undergoing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (2014-2023), preoperative nutritional status was assessed with the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, stratifying patients as malnourished (<98) versus normal (≥98). Malnutrition by GNRI was evaluated as a predictor of postoperative complications, particularly periprosthetic joint infection, along with range of motion, pain, and functional scores at 2 years. Preoperative GNRI screening may identify rTSA patients at elevated infection risk who could benefit from nutritional optimization.
99. Holy F, Smith M, Myers NL, et al. Does the Microsoft HoloLens 2 Improve Implant Positioning in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty? A Retrospective Cohort Analysis of Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101805
This retrospective cohort analysis evaluated whether Microsoft HoloLens 2 augmented reality guidance improved glenoid and humeral implant positioning in total shoulder arthroplasty compared with standard technique. Radiographic alignment measures and clinical outcomes were compared between cohorts. The findings inform whether low-cost AR navigation can improve implant accuracy without the expense of CT-based navigation.
113. Spangenberg GW, Rajabzadeh-Oghaz H, Elwell J, et al. Predicting Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures from Preoperative CT Imaging. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101810
The authors analyzed preoperative CT imaging to develop a method for predicting acromial and scapular spine fractures, presumably in the setting of reverse shoulder arthroplasty. By quantifying morphologic parameters on CT, they identified imaging features associated with fracture risk. Clinically, this could allow surgeons to identify patients at elevated risk of postoperative acromial/scapular spine fractures preoperatively and adjust surgical planning or fixation strategies accordingly.
124. Parmar RP, Sahni VS, Holle AM, et al. Myocardial Infarction Within 6 Months before Total Shoulder Arthroplasty is Strongly Associated with Postoperative Complications. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.018
Using the PearlDiver national insurance database, patients with myocardial infarction within 2 years before total shoulder arthroplasty were propensity-matched to controls and stratified by MI timing, type, treatment, and location. Recent MI was strongly associated with postoperative complications, with the highest odds of postoperative MI when the infarct occurred within 6 months of surgery (overall OR 5.67 for MI within 2 years). Surgeons should consider delaying elective TSA for at least 6 months after MI and optimising cardiac management preoperatively.
135. Bayley S, Boyle AB, Frampton C, et al. Polyethylene glenospheres in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty have greater long-term implant survivorship than metallic glenospheres: A New Zealand Joint Registry Study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.021
Using the New Zealand Joint Registry, this retrospective cohort study compared revision-free implant survival and Oxford Shoulder Scores between conventional-bearing rTSA (metal glenosphere) and inverted-bearing rTSA (polyethylene glenosphere) from 2007 to 2024. Polyethylene glenospheres showed greater long-term implant survivorship than metallic glenospheres. These findings challenge the conventional bearing design and support consideration of inverted-bearing rTSA to improve implant longevity.
150. Ilyas MH, Frausto JT, Abboud JA, et al. Preoperative Falls and Adverse Postoperative Outcomes After Primary Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101818
This study evaluated whether a history of preoperative falls is associated with adverse outcomes after primary anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty. The key finding was that patients who sustained preoperative falls had higher rates of adverse postoperative outcomes compared with those without fall history. Clinically, preoperative fall assessment may serve as a useful risk-stratification tool when counseling patients and planning perioperative care for shoulder arthroplasty.
Periprosthetic Infection and PJI (4)¶
77. Basdavanos AA, Montgomery EP, Muffly MT, et al. Understanding Clinical Practice Variation in Dental Prophylaxis After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty in ASES Surgeons: A Call for Shoulder-Specific Guidelines. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.09.011
A 21-item electronic survey of ASES members assessed dental antibiotic prophylaxis practices after total shoulder arthroplasty. Respondents showed substantial heterogeneity, and experience managing a suspected dental-related shoulder periprosthetic joint infection was associated with higher rates of prescribing prophylaxis. The results underscore the need for shoulder-specific guidelines, since hip and knee recommendations may not translate to TSA.
84. Namdari S, Zmistowski B, Hsu J, et al. Proceedings from the 2025 International Consensus Meeting on Orthopedic Infections: the definition of Shoulder Periprosthetic Joint infection. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.09.016
The 2025 International Consensus Meeting Shoulder Group used a modified Delphi process informed by 86 systematic reviews and a predictive model from the ASES multicenter revision arthroplasty dataset to update the 2018 definition of shoulder periprosthetic joint infection. Delegates eliminated organism virulence from the definition and retained gross purulence and sinus tract as the two criteria for Definite PJI, with revised minor criteria. This evidence-based definition should standardize shoulder PJI diagnosis in clinical practice and research.
87. Shenoy DA, Parsons KE, Henriquez A, et al. Occult Infection Risk with Stem Retention in Revision Anatomic to Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.007
A single-institution retrospective case series of 65 patients undergoing conversion of anatomic to reverse shoulder arthroplasty with humeral stem retention examined the risk of occult infection, microbiology, and clinical outcomes. Patients with obvious preoperative infection were excluded, and outcomes included 2025 ICM scores, complications, reoperations, and patient-reported measures. The results inform the trade-off between the lower morbidity of stem retention and the risk of leaving an unrecognized infection in place.
102. Hsu JE, Ricchetti ET, Tashjian R, et al. Predictive Modeling of Clinically Apparent Shoulder Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI). Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.004
Using prospective multicenter data from 861 revision shoulder arthroplasties, the authors developed a logistic regression predictive model for clinically apparent shoulder periprosthetic joint infection, using sinus tract and purulence as pathognomonic major criteria. The model provides evidence-based weightings for minor criteria, replacing the expert-opinion-based weights of the first International Consensus Meeting definition. Results should inform a revised, data-driven tiered PJI classification to improve diagnostic consistency in shoulder arthroplasty.
Sports Injuries and Athletes (12)¶
18. Salamh P, Plisky P, Beiting J, et al. Association of Changes in Game Pitch Count, Pitching Velocity, and Arm Injuries in Collegiate Pitchers. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261489882
Collegiate baseball pitchers were prospectively followed over one summer season to assess associations between changes in game pitch count and mean fastball velocity with arm injuries, using Bayesian joint models with competing risks of release or retirement. The study addresses whether pitch volume and velocity changes predict shoulder and elbow injuries in this population. Findings inform workload monitoring strategies aimed at reducing arm injuries in collegiate pitchers.
19. Farner N, Zingas N, Bradley D, et al. A Tension‐Controlled Arthroscopic Technique for Fixation of a Glenolabral Articular Disruption Lesion in an Overhead Athlete. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70294
The authors describe an arthroscopic technique for repairing glenolabral articular disruption (GLAD) lesions in overhead athletes using a manually tensionable knotted anchor placed at the 6:30 position. The technique achieves anatomic reduction and stable fixation of the chondrolabral complex while deliberately avoiding overtensioning. This preserves the physiologic laxity needed for throwing mechanics, offering a reliable option in this challenging, high-demand population.
30. Nocek M, Mitchell BC, Fritsch L, et al. Arthroscopic Circumferential Labral Repair and Biceps Tenodesis in Elite Throwing Athletes: Technical Considerations. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70287
The authors present a technical note for elite throwing athletes with complex SLAP lesions combining circumferential labral repair using knotless all-suture anchors with open subpectoral biceps tenodesis and subacromial decompression. This approach addresses coexisting instability and biceps pathology while eliminating traction on the repaired labrum, which the authors propose supports healing and preserves motion. The technique is designed to overcome the historically low return-to-play rates seen with isolated superior labral repair in overhead athletes.
55. Gibbon S, Rangel ET, Buckley R. Should we plate or IM nail simple displaced transverse proximal humeral fractures?. Injury 2026. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2026.113494
This orthopaedic trauma guidance article presents a case of a simple displaced transverse proximal humeral fracture amenable to both plate osteosynthesis and intramedullary nailing, discussing the decision-making between implants. The discussion weighs the stability and control of plating against the potentially less invasive, more physiologic approach of IM nailing. It provides practical guidance for surgeons facing this common fixation dilemma, emphasizing fracture pattern and patient factors in implant selection.
56. Rodio LA, Adelstein JM, Burkhart RJ, et al. Epidemiology, associated injuries, and surgical intervention of 255,081 clavicle fractures in the United States from 2015 to 2024. Injury 2026. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2026.113618
Using the TriNetX US database, this study analyzed 255,081 clavicle fractures from 2015 to 2024, reporting incidence proportions, associated injuries, and surgical intervention trends. The annual incidence proportion was 52.11 per 100,000 and rose 68.2% over the decade, with males accounting for 64% of cases and higher rates across all years. The rising incidence and evolving surgical rates inform resource planning and highlight the thoracic injury associations that should prompt evaluation in clavicle fracture patients.
57. Machado JKS, da Silva Cordeiro R, dos Santos DR. Expanding the indications of horizontal plate fixation to the proximal humerus: Technical note and clinical series. Injury 2026. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2026.113624
Eleven patients with isolated greater tuberosity fractures of the proximal humerus were treated with a horizontal plate fixation technique and followed for at least 24 months, with functional outcomes assessed by the UCLA score. All fractures united, and the mean UCLA score of 30 indicated predominantly good functional outcomes with minimal pain and limitation. Horizontal plate osteosynthesis appears to be a reproducible, accessible option for these fractures, expanding fixation indications beyond its usual applications.
70. Hoskins W, Haase D. Proximal Humerus Fractures: A Review of Current Management Evidence and Guidance on Contemporary Surgical Strategies. Injury 2026. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2026.113748
This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the management of proximal humerus fractures, covering both nonoperative treatment and contemporary surgical strategies. It provides guidance on operative decision-making, implant selection, and management of complications based on available literature. The review serves as a practical evidence-based reference to help surgeons choose appropriate treatment pathways for these common injuries, particularly in an aging population.
81. Gamadia M, Middleton CJ, Thatcher M, et al. Increasing Emergency Department Burden of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Injuries: A National 10-Year Analysis of Mechanisms and Severity Predictors, 2015-2024. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261486951
Using NEISS data from 2015-2024, investigators identified 1,448 BJJ-related ED visits (58,170 weighted national cases) from martial arts presentations and developed an 11-category force vector mechanism taxonomy, with survey-weighted regression to analyze trends and predictors of nonroutine disposition. BJJ injury volume rose nearly 5-fold over the decade, and sport-specific mechanisms predicted nonroutine disposition. Clinicians and EDs should anticipate growing BJJ injury burden and use mechanism-specific patterns to guide evaluation and resource planning.
89. Numaguchi K, Momma D, Fukushima T, et al. Age-related Humeral Retrotorsion Asymmetry in Junior Tennis Players: A Cross-sectional Ultrasound Study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.09.023
Bilateral humeral retrotorsion was measured with ultrasound in 213 junior tennis players aged 9-17, stratified by single-year age groups, to quantify dominant-nondominant differences and determine when asymmetry first appears. The study identified the age at which dominant-arm retrotorsion asymmetry becomes statistically evident, reflecting loading-related restriction of physiologic derotation during growth. Findings support early monitoring of humeral torsion adaptation in young overhead athletes, with implications for injury-prevention screening in junior tennis programs.
136. Peisepar M, Rafieezadeh A, Prabhakaran K, et al. Scapular Fracture and Risk of Great Vessel Injury in Geriatric Blunt Trauma: a TQIP Analysis. Injury 2026. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2026.113835
This TQIP analysis examined geriatric patients with blunt trauma to determine the association between scapular fracture and great vessel injury. Scapular fractures in elderly patients were linked to an increased risk of great vessel injury. Clinicians evaluating geriatric blunt trauma with scapular fractures should maintain a high index of suspicion for vascular injury and pursue appropriate screening.
138. Langford T, Stump K, Kelleher S, et al. Comparing Injury Rate and Injury Type in MLB Pitchers Before and After Pitch Clock Implementation: A 10-Year Analysis. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261490739
Using 10 years of publicly available MLB data (2015-2025, excluding 2020), investigators compared pitcher injury rates before and after 2023 pitch clock implementation, using linear regression to generate a counterfactual post-2023 rate and difference-in-differences analysis with position players as controls. Pitcher injury rates rose above the preimplementation trend after the pitch clock was introduced, with shifts in injured list utilisation and injury type distribution. The findings suggest reduced interpitch recovery time may contribute to pitcher injury risk, informing workload and recovery policies in professional baseball.
139. Kiehl D, Ibrado R, Axelrod A, et al. Comparative Trends of Musculoskeletal Injury in Pickleball and Tennis: An 11-Year Analysis of U.S. Emergency Department Visits. Injury 2026. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2026.113791
This study analyzed 11 years of U.S. emergency department visit data to compare musculoskeletal injury trends between pickleball and tennis, examining injury rates, types, and demographic patterns across the two racquet sports. Pickleball injuries increased substantially over the study period, with a distinct injury profile and demographic distribution compared with tennis, reflecting the sport's rapid growth and older participant base. Clinicians and public health planners should anticipate rising pickleball-related injuries and tailor prevention strategies, particularly for older adults.
Other articles this month¶
2. Miyauchi H, Takahashi N, Matsuki K, et al. Teres Minor Fatty Degeneration Progression by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis Is Associated With Graft Failure After Arthroscopic Superior Capsule Reconstruction. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70693
This retrospective study evaluated risk factors for graft failure within 1 year after arthroscopic superior capsule reconstruction with fascia lata autograft in 87 shoulders with intact or reparable subscapularis, using MRI-based Goutallier grading and Sugaya classification. Progression of teres minor fatty degeneration on postoperative MRI was identified as a significant risk factor for graft failure. Patients with progressive teres minor fatty infiltration warrant closer surveillance, as this finding may predict superior capsule reconstruction failure.
3. He H, Shen W, Tao J. Optimising methodology, biomechanics and imaging in biological augmentation for partial‐thickness rotator cuff tears: A commentary on Demiral et al.. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/ksa.70659
This commentary critically appraises a recent trial of platelet-rich plasma plus physical therapy for articular-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tears, focusing on baseline functional comparability, statistical modeling, biomechanical loading during early rehabilitation, and MRI arthrography-based tear volume measurement. The authors argue that methodological limitations in these domains may affect the validity and generalizability of the reported benefits of PRP. Future trials of biologic augmentation should address these design and measurement issues to yield more reliable evidence.
5. Pelaez‐Damy P, Mangino‐Rivas C, Orihuela‐Fuchs VA. A Subscapularis Split Technique for Dynamic Anterior Stabilization and Bankart Repair. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70373
This technical note presents an arthroscopic subscapularis split technique for dynamic anterior stabilisation using a cannula to standardize split width and facilitate long head of the biceps shuttling. The method simplifies a technically variable step and is readily reproducible. It is particularly useful when dynamic stabilisation is combined with concomitant Bankart repair, saving operative time.
9. Prasetia R, Pravitha CA, Andri F. Arthroscopic Suture‐Only Intra‐articular Soft‐Tissue Long‐Head Biceps Tenodesis to the Rotator Cuff. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70365
The authors describe an arthroscopic suture-only technique for long head of the biceps tendon tenodesis, using a loop-and-tack configuration with suture shuttling to secure the tendon to the anterior supraspinatus without anchors. The technique preserves physiological length-tension relations while avoiding implant-related complications and cost. It offers a practical soft-tissue alternative for managing LHBT pathology, particularly when concomitant rotator cuff disease is present.
10. Sun Z, Liu R. Arthroscopic Capsular Release Provides Greater Range‐of‐Motion Improvement Within the First 6 Months Postoperatively Than Nonoperative Management Modalities in Frozen Shoulder: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70519
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 6 randomised controlled trials (705 patients) compared arthroscopic capsular release with nonoperative management for frozen shoulder. Arthroscopic capsular release provided range-of-motion improvements exceeding the minimal clinically important difference within the first 6 months, but this advantage diminished over time, and pain improvement was statistically but not clinically significant. Clinicians should weigh the early but waning motion benefit against the invasiveness of surgery when selecting treatment for frozen shoulder.
11. Aral F, Oklaz EB, Ahmadov A, et al. Correction: Single double-loaded anchor repair of isolated Lafosse III subscapularis tears in patients not involved in physically demanding activities provides satisfactory functional and radiologic outcomes at minimum 5-year follow-up. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 2026. doi:10.1007/s00402-026-06544-5
This is a correction notice for a previously published study on single double-loaded anchor repair of isolated Lafosse III subscapularis tears. The correction addresses inadvertently unfilled placeholders in the Methods section, specifying the institutional review board approval number (2025-978). No change to the study's findings or clinical conclusions is indicated.
16. Keeley TS, Halvorson RT, Niknam K, et al. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings and Demographics Predict Surgical Versus Nonoperative Management of Rotator Cuff Injuries: A Natural Language Processing Analysis. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70612
This study applied GPT-4-based natural language processing to MRI reports of 3555 patients with rotator cuff injuries to identify pathologic and demographic predictors of surgical versus nonoperative treatment selection. The model showed high accuracy (93.9% sensitivity, 99.3% specificity), and full-thickness supraspinatus tears emerged as significant predictors of surgery, including as initial treatment and after failed conservative management. These findings demonstrate that automated analysis of imaging reports can predict treatment pathways and may support clinical decision-making and counseling regarding the likelihood of eventual surgery.
17. Yiğitbay A. Regarding “Systemic Hormonal Contraceptive Use Is Associated With Greater Odds of Rotator Cuff Tears, Shoulder Instability, Dislocation, and Other Shoulder Pathologies: A Propensity Matched Epidemiological Study”. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70686
This is a commentary commending Omurzakov et al. for using a large propensity-matched database to examine associations between systemic hormonal contraceptive use and shoulder pathologies including rotator cuff tears and instability. The commentary highlights the study's relevance to the evolving understanding of biologic and systemic contributors to shoulder disease. It underscores the value of investigating hormonal influences on soft tissue disorders as a timely, clinically meaningful direction for shoulder research.
21. Hode C, Lebot G, Bouju Y. Open Dynamic Anterior Stabilization After Failed Latarjet Procedure With Retained Coracoid Bone Block. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70291
The authors present open dynamic anterior stabilisation, a biceps-based sling procedure, as a revision strategy for recurrent anterior shoulder instability after a failed Latarjet with a retained coracoid bone block. This technique offers an intermediate option between soft-tissue repair and full bone reconstruction in cases with limited bone loss. It preserves motion and bone stock while demonstrating low recurrence rates, addressing a scenario with poorly defined revision options.
23. El Qirem Z, Adel S, Alqawasmi S, et al. Arthroscopic Safe Trans‐subscapularis Portal for Bony Bankart Management. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70331
The authors describe an arthroscopic accessory anterior trans-subscapularis portal for managing bony Bankart lesions. The portal provides optimal access to the anteroinferior glenoid, facilitates fragment fixation trajectory, and maintains a safe distance from the axillary nerve. This technique aims to improve both surgical efficiency and safety during arthroscopic bony Bankart fixation.
24. Obremskey WT. Scapular Malunion Surgery Works. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 2026. doi:10.2106/jbjs.26.00928
This commentary discusses Cole et al.'s study demonstrating improved functional outcomes after surgical reconstruction of extra-articular scapular body and neck malunions and nonunions. The commentary emphasizes that scapular malunion is likely underrecognized and undertreated, as many surgeons still believe only articular fractures with joint subluxation require fixation. It supports a growing literature helping identify which patients benefit from operative management of these injuries.
25. Nagesh N, Romero-Padron MA, Fonte EL, et al. The Role of Systemic Antifibrotic Agents on Patient and Surgical Outcomes After Joint Surgery: A Systematic Review. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2026. doi:10.5435/jaaos-d-25-01368
A systematic review of 14 observational studies evaluated statins, ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers for preventing postoperative arthrofibrosis after hip, knee, and shoulder surgery, with most evidence concerning ARBs in total knee arthroplasty. Findings were inconsistent: some studies linked ARB use to fewer manipulation-under-anaesthesia procedures, while others showed no effect on range of motion or arthrofibrosis, and most included studies had serious risk of bias. Current evidence is insufficient to support routine systemic antifibrotic use in orthopaedic practice, and higher-quality prospective studies are needed.
28. Zou J, Shi Y, Remis A, et al. Effects of different postoperative rehabilitation approaches following shoulder arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261498152
A systematic review and meta-analysis of nine randomised controlled trials (793 patients) compared rehabilitation strategies after shoulder arthroplasty. Home-based rehabilitation was non-inferior to outpatient physical therapy after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, early mobilization transiently improved forward flexion at 3 months (not sustained at 6 months, with a possible trend toward lower subscapularis healing in anatomic TSA), and subscapularis-specific training added no benefit. Home-based or telerehabilitation is a safe, potentially cost-effective alternative, while early mobilization offers only short-term gains.
29. Hachem A, Marcet P, Ezzeddine H, et al. Arthroscopic‐Assisted Lower Trapezius Transfer Improves Outcomes in Patients With Irreparable Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears Irrespective of the Presence of External Rotation Lag Sign. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70666
A retrospective cohort study of 53 patients evaluated arthroscopic-assisted lower trapezius transfer for irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears, comparing outcomes in patients with (40%) and without a preoperative external rotation lag sign. Both groups showed comparable improvements in range of motion, patient-reported outcomes, and resolution of lag signs over a minimum 2-year follow-up. The presence of an external rotation lag sign should not preclude lower trapezius transfer, as outcomes are favourable regardless of this finding.
31. Ulstrup A, Stenqvist C. Arthroscopic Bursal Acromial Reconstruction With a Porcine Extracellular Matrix Graft. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70341
The authors describe bursal acromial reconstruction using a porcine dermal xenograft, an anchorless technique for elderly patients with painful, irreparable superior or posterosuperior rotator cuff tears who retain functional passive range of motion. The method aims to restore pain relief, strength, and active motion without attempting tendon reinsertion to bone. It provides an alternative reconstructive option for this challenging elderly population.
33. Qawasmi F, Gazit T, Mahamid A, et al. Comparison of Shoulder Field Anesthesia (SFA) with Interscalene Block (ISB) for Analgesia After Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 2026. doi:10.2106/jbjs.26.00153
In a randomised trial of 80 patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery, surgeon-performed shoulder field anaesthesia was compared with interscalene brachial plexus block using cumulative 48-hour pain scores, opioid consumption, satisfaction, and complications. SFA provided noninferior analgesia to ISB while avoiding block-related complications such as hemidiaphragmatic paralysis. SFA is a phrenic nerve-sparing alternative for postoperative analgesia after shoulder arthroscopy.
34. Dickinson NJ, Froom RJ, DeFoor MT, et al. Sternoclavicular Joint Reconstruction for Chronic Anterior Instability: An Updated Sternal Docking Technique With a Modified Girth Hitch. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70296
A technical note describes an updated sternal docking reconstruction for chronic anterior sternoclavicular joint instability using a semitendinosus allograft secured with a modified girth hitch. The technique avoids the bicortical drilling of figure-of-8 reconstructions, reducing risk to mediastinal structures while using robust unicortical sternal sockets. This approach offers a safer, more controlled option for surgeons managing chronic SC joint instability.
36. Smith‐Voudouris J, Sanchez JG, Zehner KM, et al. Arthroscopic Bankart Repair Is Associated With Lower 90‐Day Emergency Department Use Than Open Repair, With Smoking, Medicaid Insurance, and Depression as Additional Independent Predictors. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70639
A database study of 149,024 patients undergoing Bankart repair characterized 90-day emergency department use, which occurred in 7.9% of patients, with over a quarter of visits in the first 2 postoperative weeks. Arthroscopic repair was associated with lower ED use than open repair, while smoking, Medicaid insurance, depression, prior opioid use, and other socioeconomic factors were independent predictors. These findings identify high-risk patients who may benefit from targeted perioperative counseling and support.
37. Uchida A, Hasegawa A, Noguchi Y, et al. Sequential Changes in Angiogenesis After Arthroscopic Superior Capsule Reconstruction Using Fascia Lata Autograft Evaluated by Power Doppler Ultrasound. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70640
Thirty patients undergoing superior capsule reconstruction with fascia lata autograft for irreparable rotator cuff tears were prospectively followed with power Doppler ultrasound at serial timepoints to assess angiogenesis in and around the graft. All grafts showed angiogenesis within 6 months, with perigraft blood flow peaking at 6 weeks and declining thereafter, and these changes correlated with clinical outcomes. Neovascularization appears to be part of normal graft healing and may serve as a marker of biological integration.
38. Damiani L, Consigliere P, West S. Isolated avulsion of the short head of the biceps tendon from the coracoid insertion: A case report and narrative review of the literature. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261495876
This case report describes the first documented isolated avulsion of the short head of the biceps tendon from its coracoid insertion in a 34-year-old man injured during hyperextension-abduction-external rotation trauma, diagnosed by MRI. The tendon was repaired to the coracoid through an extended deltopectoral approach. At 6 months the patient had returned to daily and sports activities without deformity or strength deficit, supporting surgical repair as an effective option for this rare injury.
39. Zhan H, Liang Q, Zhao Z, et al. Artificial Intelligence Models Based on Medical Imaging Achieve Accurate Detection of Rotator Cuff Tear and Initial Predictive Capability for Postoperative Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Arthroscopy 2026. doi:10.1002/arj.70584
This systematic review of 37 studies (46,593 patients) evaluated AI models for detecting rotator cuff tears on imaging and predicting outcomes after arthroscopic repair. AI achieved high diagnostic performance, with average accuracies around 89-91% and AUCs of 0.93-0.97 across MRI, ultrasound, and radiographs, plus early capability for predicting postoperative outcomes. AI tools show promise as diagnostic adjuncts, though clinical integration will require further validation.
43. Parmar T, Daher M, Fiandeiro M, et al. Extensive metallosis following reverse shoulder arthroplasty managed with custom glenoid reconstruction: A case report. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261495517
This case report describes a two-stage revision of a failed reverse shoulder arthroplasty complicated by extensive metallosis from micromotion at the modular humeral junction, compounded by a high-riding baseplate causing scapular notching and severe glenoid bone loss. After antibiotic spacer placement and glenoid bone grafting, definitive reconstruction required a custom glenoid baseplate and humeral component because standard implants could not achieve stable fixation. At 1 year the patient improved, suggesting staged revision with custom implants is a viable strategy for this rare but serious complication.
44. Kucharik MP, Hung V, Jones T, et al. Defining Long-Term Success After Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 2026. doi:10.2106/jbjs.26.00452
In a retrospective cohort of 791 anatomic total shoulder arthroplasties, 10-year implant survivorship was 96.1% (93.7% at 15 years), but clinical outcomes gradually attenuated over time despite remaining improved. At the 10-year landmark, the PASS threshold for the ASES score was 68.1, achieved by 69.5% of shoulders, with MCID and substantial clinical benefit thresholds of 14.0 and 39.2 for change in ASES score. Walch B glenoid morphology and younger age predicted revision, and the findings suggest revision-free survival alone underestimates the durability of clinical benefit after aTSA.
45. Silberberg J, Fernández GH, Veramendi JLS. Biceps augmentation in dynamic anterior stabilization: A novel on-lay technique for challenging shoulder instabilities. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261493462
The authors present a modified dynamic anterior stabilisation technique that augments biceps transfer with on-lay fixation of the intraarticular long head of biceps at the glenoid equator using knotless anchors, plus supplementary anteroinferior augmentation through the same Bankart repair anchors. This addresses the reduced effectiveness of standard dynamic anterior stabilisation in patients with subcritical glenoid bone loss combined with poor capsulolabral tissue quality. The technique offers a biologic solution for challenging anterior instability cases where isolated soft-tissue repair alone would likely fail.
46. Baptista de Oliveira Medeiros H, Campos Martins E, Neumann F, et al. The torque–angle relationship of shoulder rotator muscles: A systematic review. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261495537
This systematic review of 12 studies examined how shoulder rotation angle affects isometric torque of internal and external rotator muscles in non-injured individuals. External rotation torque-angle curves were typically descending or ascending-descending, internal rotation curves predominantly ascending-descending, with peak torque generally near mid-range positions. However, only three studies tested multiple positions in the same sample and none directly evaluated rotator moment arms, highlighting substantial gaps in the evidence base for position-specific strength testing and rehabilitation.
48. Lin Y, Liu C, Gao J, et al. Arthroscopic Reduction and Fixation of Impacted Humeral Head Reverse Hill‐Sachs Fracture With Absorbable Anchors for Acute Traumatic Posterior Shoulder Dislocation. Arthroscopy Techniques 2026. doi:10.1002/atn2.70277
The authors describe an arthroscopic technique for acute traumatic posterior shoulder dislocation with a reverse Hill-Sachs lesion, using a single absorbable anchor to reduce and fix the impacted anteromedial humeral head fracture. The minimally invasive approach restores articular congruity, preserves the subscapularis tendon, and provides temporary mechanical support before gradual implant degradation and load transfer to healing bone. Advantages include anatomic restoration, reduced tissue trauma, and facilitation of early functional recovery, particularly internal rotation.
51. Yuan S, Cao M. Timing Matters: Macrophage Dynamics and CCR2 Modulation in Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 2026. doi:10.2106/jbjs.26.01095
This commentary discusses a murine subacromial impingement study examining the temporal dynamics of macrophage activation in rotator cuff tendinopathy and the effect of CCR2 knockout. It highlights that macrophage recruitment via the CCL2-CCR2 axis drives early inflammation, with timing determining whether macrophages impede (M1) or support (M2) tendon healing. Therapeutically, modulating CCR2 signaling may offer a time-sensitive strategy to reduce harmful inflammation while preserving reparative phases of healing.
54. Wang T, Tian Q, Lu B, et al. Development and validation of a model to predict full thickness rotator cuff tear. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 2026. doi:10.1007/s00402-026-06521-y
A prospective study developed and validated a clinical prediction model (LASSO-selected predictors, logistic regression, nomogram) for full-thickness rotator cuff tear in patients presenting with rotator cuff-related complaints. The model uses demographic, clinical history, and physical examination variables to identify patients at high risk without immediate MRI. It may help triage which patients require costly advanced imaging, though external validation and impact on clinical practice remain to be demonstrated.
58. Park B, Kim D, Sohn H, et al. Pectoralis major reference technique improves humeral height restoration and tuberosity healing after hemiarthroplasty for complex proximal humeral fractures: A comparative study. Injury 2026. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2026.113651
Clinical and radiographic outcomes of hemiarthroplasty for complex proximal humeral fractures were compared between 15 patients operated with the pectoralis major reference technique (PMRT) and 24 with a conventional technique. The PMRT group showed improved humeral height restoration and a higher rate of complete tuberosity healing. Using the pectoralis major tendon as an intraoperative reference may improve stem positioning and outcomes in shoulder hemiarthroplasty for these fractures.
59. Qu X, Yang D, Tang X, et al. Rethinking Obesity-Driven Urgency in Rotator Cuff Repair: Letter to the Editor. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261478574
This letter critiques a rat study suggesting that obesity amplifies the harm of delayed rotator cuff repair, arguing that its clinical implications were overstated. The authors note that clinical evidence does not show a uniform biological penalty across all delay intervals, delays of 3 to 6 months did not clearly worsen outcomes, with adverse signals emerging mainly beyond 1 year. They caution against translating preclinical findings into a blanket recommendation for expedited surgery in obese patients.
60. Wu Y, Liu Q, Zhang J, et al. Rethinking Obesity-Driven Urgency in Rotator Cuff Repair: Response. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/03635465261478581
The authors respond to Qu et al.'s critique of their rat model study on obesity and delayed rotator cuff repair, defending the study's scope and conclusions. They clarify that they did not propose obesity alone as an indication for earlier surgery or a universally narrowed surgical window, but rather demonstrated that obesity amplified the biological consequences of delayed repair under controlled conditions. They argue the critics conflated the purposes of experimental research and clinical outcome studies.
62. Covello MR, Carballo CB, Pedaprolu K, et al. Temporal Macrophage Activation Is Reduced by CCR2 Knockout in a Murine Subacromial Impingement Model. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 2026. doi:10.2106/jbjs.26.00704
In a murine subacromial impingement model, temporal macrophage activation was quantified with microPET/CT and gene expression profiling, comparing wild-type mice with CCR2 knockout mice over 42 days. CCR2 knockout reduced macrophage activation, implicating CCR2-mediated monocyte recruitment and pro-inflammatory signaling in rotator cuff tendinopathy. CCR2 signaling may represent a therapeutic target for modulating early inflammation in rotator cuff disease.
63. Chammas P, Kermad Y, Coulet B, et al. French innovations in upper limb surgery that has become gold standards. Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research 2026. doi:10.1016/j.otsr.2026.104805
This narrative review examines French innovations in upper limb surgery that achieved international gold-standard status, covering the Latarjet procedure, Grammont reverse prosthesis, Walch glenoid classification, GUEPAR total elbow, bipolar radial head arthroplasty, and trapeziometacarpal arthroplasty. For each, the original description, technical evolution, and current evidence base are summarized, prioritizing systematic reviews and long-term cohorts. The review documents France's substantial historical contributions and the evidentiary support underpinning these reference techniques.
66. Boretto JG, Montenegro Puigdengolas N, Gallucci GL, et al. Midterm Observational Study Results After Glenohumeral Arthrodesis With a Locking Compression Plate in Paralytic Shoulder. The Journal of Hand Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2026.08.012
Seventeen patients with paralytic shoulder underwent glenohumeral arthrodesis using a locking compression plate placed beneath the acromion, with mean follow-up of 4.8 years. Fusion was achieved in all patients, no plate removal was needed for hardware intolerance, and functional outcomes including hand-to-mouth ability and QuickDASH scores were assessed along with complications. The technique appears reliable for achieving fusion with acceptable hardware tolerance, supporting its use in paralytic shoulder, though fusion angle may influence postoperative motion.
67. Dinesh A, Burkhart RJ, Salata MJ, et al. National Trends in Utilization, Reimbursement, and Patient Demographics for Arthroscopic Subacromial Decompression, Biceps Tenodesis, and Distal Clavicle Excision in the Medicare Population. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.09.015
Medicare claims data from 2013 to 2023 were analyzed for national and regional trends in utilisation and inflation-adjusted reimbursement for arthroscopic subacromial decompression, biceps tenodesis, and distal clavicle excision, stratified by census region and rural-urban status. The study tested whether evidence questioning subacromial decompression and supporting biceps tenodesis shifted practice patterns. Results inform surgeons and policymakers about how evolving evidence translates into real-world procedure use and payment trends across regions and practice settings.
71. Saiz Guzman J, Guzman Bustillo E, Valbuena Bernal FJ, et al. Biceps Tendon Infiltration: Comparing Precision of Anatomical Landmark Guidance Versus Ultrasound Guidance in a Cadaveric Study. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100899
In a cadaveric study, the precision of biceps tendon injections guided by surface anatomical landmarks was compared with ultrasound-guided injection. Accuracy of needle placement within the biceps tendon sheath was assessed for each technique. The results inform clinical practice on whether ultrasound guidance is warranted for biceps tendon infiltration or whether landmark-based injection remains acceptably accurate.
72. Boonrod A, Thongthanthum P, Weraarchakul S. Thickening of the Middle Glenohumeral Ligament Is Associated with Subscapularis Tendon Tears: An Arthroscopic Analysis. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100898
Arthroscopic findings were analyzed to evaluate the association between thickening of the middle glenohumeral ligament and subscapularis tendon tears. The study identified middle glenohumeral ligament thickening as a marker associated with subscapularis tears. This arthroscopic sign may aid intraoperative recognition of subscapularis pathology and prompt thorough inspection and repair of the tendon.
73. He Y, Zhu W, Liu J, et al. Arthroscopic rotator cable reconstruction for massive rotator cuff tears using a semitendinosus tendon autograft. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100901
The authors describe an arthroscopic technique for reconstructing the rotator cable in massive rotator cuff tears using a semitendinosus tendon autograft. The technique aims to restore the cable's force-transmission function and protect the repair construct. It offers a biologic augmentation option for surgeons managing irreparable or massive cuff tears when graft-based cable reconstruction is considered.
74. Mitsuzawa S, Fujita A, Takeuchi H, et al. AI-Based Automated CT Segmentation of Shoulder Muscles: Functional Muscle Volume and Postoperative Range of Motion After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair – A Retrospective Study. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100892
In this retrospective study, an AI-based automated CT segmentation tool was used to quantify functional muscle volume of shoulder muscles in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Preoperative muscle volumes were correlated with postoperative range of motion. The findings support automated CT muscle analysis as a practical preoperative tool for predicting functional recovery after cuff repair.
76. Takayama K, Ito H. Effect of Corrective Spinal Alignment Surgery on Postoperative Range of Motion Following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100893
The authors examined whether corrective spinal alignment surgery affects postoperative range of motion after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. Spinal realignment was found to influence shoulder motion outcomes following reverse arthroplasty. The study highlights the importance of assessing and addressing spinal deformity when planning reverse shoulder arthroplasty in patients with sagittal imbalance.
78. Tran Y, Berdusco RL, Leblanc J, et al. Comparison of Patient Outcomes and Re-tear Rates in Rotator Cuff Repair with Mechanical Alone versus Mechanical Plus Coblation Debridement: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100894
This prospective randomised controlled trial compared rotator cuff repair with mechanical debridement alone versus mechanical debridement plus coblation. Patient-reported outcomes and re-tear rates were similar between the two groups. The findings suggest coblation debridement provides no added clinical benefit over mechanical debridement alone in rotator cuff repair.
79. Unknown Author. Abstracts for the 38th Annual Scientific Meeting BESS 2026. Shoulder & Elbow 2026. doi:10.1177/17585732261485729
This is the abstract book for the 38th Annual Scientific Meeting of BESS 2026, compiling free papers, posters, and prize winners across shoulder arthroplasty, elbow, arthroplasty, and allied health topics. One highlighted study introduced GlenTrak, a deep learning platform that automatically segments CT images to generate a mathematically perfect glenoid en-face view and quantified the effect of glenoid rotation on best-fit circles. The collection reflects current UK practice patterns and emerging technologies in shoulder and elbow surgery.
80. Padgett BM, Ciesla CD, Zickler CL, et al. Utility and Responsiveness of Objective and Subjective Outcomes Following Shoulder Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261486838
This systematic review and meta-analysis of level 1-2 studies (2014-2024, minimum 1-year follow-up) quantified the responsiveness of common patient-reported outcome measures and range of motion after shoulder surgery, pooling standardised pre-to-post changes with random-effects models. Responsiveness varied across measures and was inconsistent across age groups, pathology, procedure type, and follow-up interval. The results argue against interchangeable use of outcome instruments and support context-specific selection of outcome measures in shoulder surgery research.
82. Alben MG, Frappa N, Chernov DV, et al. Adoption of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and Trends in PROM Use in Shoulder Literature: A Systematic Review. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.09.017
This systematic review of 3,473 shoulder orthopaedic studies published 2015-2025 examined adoption of PROMIS instruments and trends in patient-reported outcome measure use. PROMIS was used in only 115 studies (3.3%), though utilisation rose from 0.0% in 2015 to 5.5% in 2025. Despite growing uptake, PROMIS remains underused in shoulder research, suggesting a need for broader adoption of these validated instruments.
83. Amini MH, Anakwenze OA. Young Scholars Memorial Fellowship Award 2026 Recipients. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.001
This article announces the recipients of the 2026 Young Scholars Memorial Fellowship Award from the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. It is a publication notice rather than a research study, with no methods, findings, or clinical implications. It serves to recognize award recipients and provide early visibility of the announcement.
91. Burrows K, Vicary-Watts R, Boekel P, et al. The effect of subscapularis repair on clinical outcomes in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty using Lima SMR systems at a minimum of 2 years. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101806
Clinical outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty using Lima SMR implants were compared between patients with and without subscapularis repair at a minimum 2-year follow-up. The study determined whether routine subscapularis management affects postoperative function and complication rates in this prosthesis system. Results guide surgeon decision-making on the necessity of subscapularis repair during reverse arthroplasty.
92. Ciais G, Antoni M, Housset V, et al. Comparative surgical outcomes in chronic acromioclavicular joint instability: A 165-patient series using local, remote, and synthetic graft reconstructions. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101807
A 165-patient series compared surgical reconstruction of chronic acromioclavicular joint instability using local, remote (autograft/allograft), and synthetic graft techniques. Outcomes including stability, complications, and functional scores were analyzed across graft types. The findings help guide graft selection for chronic AC joint reconstruction based on comparative results.
93. Debandi A, Torrealba J, Díaz C, et al. Early Postoperative Evolution of Fatty Infiltration and Muscle Atrophy in Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears: An MRI Study. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101809
Serial MRI was used to track early postoperative changes in fatty infiltration and muscle atrophy of the rotator cuff after repair of posterosuperior cuff tears. The study characterized the direction and timing of muscle quality evolution in the first months after surgery. Results inform postoperative monitoring and prognosis of muscle healing following cuff repair.
94. Kawabuchi K, Nakamura M. Association Between Dorsal Scapular Artery Blood Flow and Shoulder Internal Rotation Range of Motion in Patients with Symptomatic Rotator Cuff Tears: An Exploratory Analysis of Infraspinatus Muscle Cross-Sectional Area. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101808
An exploratory analysis in patients with symptomatic rotator cuff tears examined the association between dorsal scapular artery blood flow, shoulder internal rotation range of motion, and infraspinatus cross-sectional area. The study tested whether vascular perfusion relates to muscle morphology and clinical motion deficits. Findings may add a vascular dimension to assessment of posterior cuff-related dysfunction.
95. Alipour M, Sahoo S, Imrey PB, et al. Association of Allostatic Load with Preoperative Shoulder Symptoms in Patients Undergoing Rotator Cuff Repair. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100900
Allostatic load, a composite measure of cumulative physiologic stress, was assessed in patients undergoing rotator cuff repair and correlated with preoperative shoulder symptoms. The study tested whether systemic stress burden is associated with symptom severity before surgery. Results highlight psychophysiologic factors that may influence preoperative presentation and potentially outcomes after cuff repair.
97. Adan FO, Agoro KS, Boeder ML, et al. Drivers of Day-of-Surgery Cost Variation in Augmented Rotator Cuff Repair: A Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing Analysis. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100889
Time-driven activity-based costing was used to identify sources of day-of-surgery cost variation in augmented rotator cuff repair. Implant/augmentation choice and operative time emerged as the dominant cost drivers rather than fixed facility costs. Efforts to control costs should target implant selection and operating room efficiency, informing value-based decision-making for augmentation techniques.
98. Bellmann F, Lazaridou A, Vetter P, et al. Tendon Graft Augmentation Was Not Associated With Improved Outcomes in Acute Bidirectionally Unstable High-Grade AC Joint Injuries: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261486615
This retrospective cohort study compared radiographic and clinical outcomes of arthroscopically assisted double-button fixation with AC cerclage, with versus without additional tendon allograft augmentation, in acute high-grade AC joint dislocations with bidirectional instability. Tendon graft augmentation was not associated with improved coracoclavicular displacement ratios, side-to-side differences, or clinical outcomes. Routine augmentation may not be justified for these injuries, though longer follow-up may be needed to detect differences in loss of reduction.
101. Baek CH, Kim JG, Kim BT, et al. Preoperative Pseudoparesis Is Not Associated With Inferior Outcomes After Anterior Latissimus Dorsi and Teres Major Transfer for Irreparable Anterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears: A Propensity Score–Matched Analysis. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.09.020
This propensity score, matched analysis compared outcomes of anterior latissimus dorsi and teres major transfer for irreparable anterosuperior rotator cuff tears in patients with (n=57) versus without (n=57) preoperative pseudoparesis. After matching, clinical outcomes did not differ significantly between groups. Preoperative pseudoparesis should not be considered a contraindication or predictor of inferior results after aLDTM transfer.
103. McGarry L, Laher Z, Hehir CM, et al. Swelling Management in Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100903
This systematic review synthesized the literature on swelling management during shoulder arthroscopy, including fluid pressure control, irrigation strategies, and methods to limit soft-tissue oedema. It summarizes the effectiveness of various interventions on visualization, complication rates, and postoperative swelling. The findings guide surgeons in adopting evidence-based fluid management practices to improve safety and visualization in shoulder arthroscopy.
104. Bianco Prevot L, Bolcato V, Tronconi LP, et al. Delayed surgery for high-grade acromioclavicular joint dislocations does not compromise clinical and radiographic outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EFORT Open Reviews 2026. doi:10.1530/eor-2025-0129
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated whether timing of surgery affects outcomes after high-grade acromioclavicular joint dislocations. Delayed surgical treatment was not associated with inferior clinical or radiographic outcomes compared with early fixation. This suggests a limited window for urgent surgery may not be necessary, allowing flexibility in surgical planning for these injuries.
105. Zhao J, Huang H, Liu M, et al. Analgesic efficacy and clinical role of peripheral nerve blocks in arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a Bayesian network meta-analysis. EFORT Open Reviews 2026. doi:10.1530/eor-2025-0125
A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to compare the analgesic efficacy of different peripheral nerve block approaches used in arthroscopic shoulder surgery. The analysis ranked the available block strategies by pain control and related outcomes, identifying which blocks offered superior analgesia. Clinically, the findings can guide selection of nerve block techniques for multimodal pain management after arthroscopic shoulder procedures.
106. Ghannam MK, Vanpoulle G, Nové-Josserand L, et al. Acromial morphology in painful posterior shoulder instability: a case-control radiographic study. Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research 2026. doi:10.1016/j.otsr.2026.104923
A retrospective case-control radiographic study compared 27 patients operated on for painful posterior shoulder instability (P-PSI) with 27 age- and sex-matched asymptomatic controls, measuring acromial parameters including posterior acromial height, posterior acromial tilt, anterior and posterior acromial coverage, and critical shoulder angle. Patients with P-PSI had significantly greater anterior acromial coverage, posterior acromial tilt, and posterior acromial height than controls. This suggests that a more horizontally oriented and elevated acromion may contribute to P-PSI, and that acromial morphology should be assessed when planning surgical treatment of these patients.
107. Rupp M, Vieider RP, Rab P, et al. Clinical and Sport- and Work-Related Outcomes Following Primary and Revision Arthroscopic Coraco- and Acromioclavicular Reconstruction With Hamstring Autograft Augmentation for Chronic Acromioclavicular Joint Instability. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261450620
This Level 3 cohort study compared clinical outcomes and return-to-sport and return-to-work rates after arthroscopically assisted coracoclavicular and acromioclavicular reconstruction with hamstring autograft augmentation and suspensory fixation in patients with chronic acromioclavicular joint instability, contrasting primary versus revision procedures. The results supported the hypothesis that patients achieve satisfactory clinical outcomes with high return-to-sport and return-to-work rates, with no significant difference between primary and revision reconstruction. Arthroscopic reconstruction with hamstring autograft therefore appears a reliable option for chronic AC joint instability, including in the revision setting.
108. Chaljub CR, Haver KC, Pescatore SM, et al. The Association of Hormone Replacement Therapy With Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy and Rotator Cuff Repair Among Menopausal Women. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261484323
Using the TriNetX database, this propensity score, matched cohort study compared the prevalence of rotator cuff tendinopathy and subsequent rotator cuff repair surgery among menopausal women aged 45-60 years taking estradiol hormone replacement therapy versus those not taking it, with matching for comorbidities and demographic factors. The study examined whether HRT, by counteracting estrogen decline, is associated with lower rates of rotator cuff disease. The findings inform whether HRT may have a protective role in tendon health in menopausal women.
109. Thota PK, Pandya S, Kelly AM, et al. Dual Versus Single Incretin Receptor Agonism and Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: Comparing Tirzepatide Versus Semaglutide. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261490664
This TriNetX cohort study used 1-to-1 propensity matching to compare outcomes after primary arthroscopic rotator cuff repair among patients aged 40-80 years on preoperative dual incretin receptor agonism (tirzepatide) versus single agonism (semaglutide), and versus matched controls on neither drug. It provides the first comparative data on whether dual versus single incretin agonism differentially affects postoperative recovery after rotator cuff repair in this population. The results help clinicians weigh incretin therapy selection in diabetic patients undergoing rotator cuff surgery.
110. Konrath J, Wheaton S, Figueroa A, et al. Dynamic Acromiohumeral Bone Surface Proximity and Scapuloclavicular Kinematics in Nonoperatively Managed Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261490680
In this cross-sectional study, 10 patients with nonoperatively managed Rockwood type III, V acromioclavicular joint injuries underwent dynamic biplanar video-radiography with subject-specific 3D bone models during abduction, scaption, and flexion to quantify scapuloclavicular and glenohumeral kinematics and acromiohumeral bone surface proximity. The study characterized in vivo dynamic scapular mechanics after ACJ disruption, a previously unexplored area. The findings clarify whether altered acromiohumeral proximity after these injuries may predispose to subacromial impingement and rotator cuff degeneration, informing follow-up and treatment decisions for nonoperatively managed ACJ injuries.
112. Arino A, Mashiko R, Matsuzawa G, et al. Anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty using the Lima SMR system with a wedged humeral head autograft after a modified Bristow procedure with retained hardware: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100909
This case report describes anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty using the Lima SMR system with a wedged humeral head autograft in a patient who had previously undergone a modified Bristow procedure with retained hardware. The authors detail the surgical technique for managing glenoid bone loss and hardware-related challenges in this setting. The report demonstrates that anatomic TSA with autograft augmentation is a feasible salvage option after prior coracoid transfer, expanding options for young or complex postoperative patients needing arthroplasty.
114. Nowinka Z, Mahmudazde Y, Gislason MK, et al. Measurement of Shoulder Function in Patients with Shoulder Pathology Using Wearable Electronic Devices: A Systematic Review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100911
This systematic review evaluated the use of wearable electronic devices to measure shoulder function in patients with shoulder pathology, synthesizing studies on device types, measured parameters, and validity/reliability. Wearables were found to provide objective, continuous assessment of shoulder activity and motion, though heterogeneity in devices and methodologies limited comparability. The findings support growing use of wearables in shoulder outcome assessment but highlight the need for standardised validation protocols before widespread clinical adoption.
115. Mohammed O, Alrezgan MM, Alhassan MJ, et al. Home Exercise Program versus Supervised Physical Therapy Following Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100912
This systematic review and meta-analysis compared home exercise programs versus supervised physical therapy following shoulder arthroplasty. Pooling available evidence showed that home exercise programs yielded comparable outcomes to supervised therapy in terms of functional scores and range of motion. This suggests that structured home-based rehabilitation may be a safe, lower-cost alternative to formal supervised therapy for many shoulder arthroplasty patients.
116. Zabiba A, Menendez ME. Normative American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) and Simple Shoulder Test (SST) Scores in an Asymptomatic United States Population. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100905
The authors established normative values for the ASES and Simple Shoulder Test scores in an asymptomatic United States population, likely across age and sex strata. They found that scores vary by demographic factors, with younger and male patients generally reporting higher (better) baseline shoulder function. These normative data provide important reference benchmarks for interpreting patient-reported outcomes and setting realistic expectations after shoulder surgery.
117. Manzoor A, Singh A, Khan MA, et al. Renin-angiotensin Blockade and Reoperation After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair – a Multi-Center Propensity Matched Analysis. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100907
This multi-center propensity-matched analysis examined whether renin-angiotensin system blockade (ACE inhibitors/ARBs) affects reoperation rates after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. After matching, patients on renin-angiotensin blockade did not demonstrate a significantly different reoperation rate compared with those not on such therapy. The findings suggest that these common antihypertensive medications need not be a major concern in counseling patients regarding rotator cuff repair durability.
118. Werner AW, Linke C, Krenn V, et al. Preoperative subacromial autologous conditioned plasma (ACP) injections and histological and immunohistochemical findings in degenerative supraspinatus tendon tears – results of a prospective comparative cohort study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.011
In this prospective comparative cohort study, patients with degenerative full-thickness supraspinatus tears received three preoperative subacromial autologous conditioned plasma (ACP) injections before arthroscopic repair, with tendon histology and immunohistochemistry compared to untreated controls. Contrary to the hypothesis, preoperative ACP was not associated with improved Bonar or degeneration scores of the torn tendon. These results suggest that preoperative ACP injections do not meaningfully improve tendon biology in degenerative rotator cuff tears, tempering enthusiasm for this biologic conditioning strategy.
119. Zhu XJ, Lin JM, Song GH, et al. Clinical Outcomes of a Customized 3D-printed Arthrodesis Prosthesis for Reconstruction of Segmental Defects following Tumor Resection in the Proximal Humerus. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.009
Thirty patients with malignant proximal humeral tumours underwent Malawer type I resection and reconstruction with a customized 3D-printed arthrodesis prosthesis, with functional outcomes assessed at a mean follow-up of 37.7 months. The prosthesis provided satisfactory functional scores (MSTS, ASES) with acceptable complication rates compared to conventional reconstruction methods. Customized 3D-printed arthrodesis prostheses represent a promising option for reconstruction after proximal humeral tumour resection, offering improved shoulder function with manageable complications.
120. Parmar T, Ashkar I, Deshpande V, et al. Evolution of Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty: Two Decades of Evidence from the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.008
This bibliometric analysis reviewed 506 clinical reverse shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) studies published in JSES from 2004 to 2025, tracking trends in evidence quality, authorship, geography, indications, and implant characteristics. Annual rTSA publications rose significantly, peaking at 51 studies in 2023, and mean level of evidence improved from 4.0 to 2.86, while authorship diffused from foundational European and American surgeons to a global community. The findings document rTSA's evolution from salvage procedure to mainstream reconstruction and highlight ongoing needs for higher-quality comparative evidence.
121. Benhenneda R, Brouard T, Samargandi R, et al. Predicting Postoperative Outcomes in Small Rotator Cuff Tears: An AI-Based Approach to Long Head of the Biceps Management. Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research 2026. doi:10.1016/j.otsr.2026.104933
A prospective multicenter study of 199 patients with small rotator cuff tears developed a hybrid deep learning model (CNN for arthroscopic images plus MLP for clinical/imaging data) to predict 24-month Constant scores and guide long head of the biceps management. The AI model predicted postoperative functional outcomes, offering a data-driven approach to the controversial decision between LHB preservation and tenotomy when the tendon appears healthy. Clinically, this could individualize intraoperative LHB decision-making rather than relying on subjective macroscopic assessment.
123. Garcia JC, Herrera DA, Mendes RB, et al. Tenoplasty of the Anterior Serratus and Rhomboid Major Muscles for Impairment of the Long Thoracic and Dorsal Scapular Nerves. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100910
This technique article describes tenoplasty (tendon transfer) of the anterior serratus and rhomboid major muscles to restore scapular stability in patients with long thoracic and dorsal scapular nerve impairment causing scapular winging. The authors detail the surgical procedure for combined transfer when these nerves are dysfunctional. It provides a salvage option for patients with medial and lateral scapular winging not amenable to nerve recovery or primary plication.
125. Phadke RA, Salman SG, Khawaja SR, et al. Development and Validation of the Shoulder Arthroplasty Risk of Non-Home Discharge (SHORD) Score: A Risk Stratification Model for Non-Home Discharge Following Primary Total Shoulder Arthroplasty. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.017
The SHORD Score was developed and validated as a purely preoperative risk stratification tool using 29,382 primary TSA patients from ACS-NSQIP, with multivariable logistic regression predictors converted to integer points and compared against mFI-5 and ASA class. The score demonstrated discrimination and calibration for predicting non-home discharge in the held-out validation cohort. It enables bedside preoperative identification of patients at high risk of non-home discharge, aiding discharge planning, cost containment, and risk counseling.
126. Chow AK, Sribhashyam S, Velichala SR, et al. Postoperative Complications Following Shoulder Stabilization for Primary Versus Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: A National Database Study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.015
A TriNetX database study (2015-2025) compared postoperative outcomes after surgical stabilisation for primary versus recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation using 1:1 propensity score matching and multivariate regression. Recurrent dislocation before stabilisation was associated with a higher burden of subsequent instability and complications than primary dislocation repair. The findings support earlier consideration of surgical stabilisation after initial dislocation, particularly in young patients at high risk of recurrence.
127. Fox HM, Glenn ER, Padley JH, et al. Variation of the definition of “survival” in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.016
This systematic review of 9 studies (493 shoulders) with ≥10-year follow-up after primary reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, plus 3 arthroplasty registries, examined how varying definitions of 'survival' and 'revision' affect reported long-term results. Substantial heterogeneity in definitions was found among studies and registries, altering pooled 10-year survival estimates. Standardised definitions of survival and revision are needed to enable meaningful comparison of long-term rTSA outcomes across studies and registries.
128. Werthel J, Ogor J, Le Brigand J, et al. Is Global Scapular Morphology, and Particularly Posterior Acromial Morphology, Symmetrical in a Healthy Cohort?. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.019
Bilateral CT scans of 304 healthy patients (608 shoulders) were analyzed across two age groups to assess symmetry of global and posterior acromial scapular morphology. Scapular morphology, including the at-risk posterior acromion phenotype, showed substantial bilateral asymmetry in healthy individuals, with symmetry patterns varying by age. This suggests the contralateral shoulder may not serve as a reliable morphologic reference, which has implications for interpreting scapular morphology in patients with instability or glenohumeral osteoarthritis.
129. Gilbert R, Lin RT, Dadoo S, et al. High Psychological Resilience Is Associated With Higher Patient-Reported Outcomes After Arthroscopic Bankart Repair. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261492458
In this retrospective cohort study, patients undergoing isolated arthroscopic Bankart repair with or without remplissage were surveyed by telephone for the Brief Resilience Scale and postoperative patient-reported outcomes (WOSI, VAS pain, SSV). Higher psychological resilience was associated with better patient-reported outcomes after surgery. Preoperative assessment of resilience may help identify patients at risk for inferior perceived recovery after shoulder stabilisation.
130. Rimkunas A, Avvaru M, Lin A, et al. Augmented and Standard Baseplates Demonstrate Similar Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes Following Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty With the Arthrex Modular Glenoid System. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101813
This study compared clinical and radiographic outcomes of reverse shoulder arthroplasty using the Arthrex Modular Glenoid System with augmented versus standard baseplates. Both baseplate types demonstrated similar clinical and radiographic outcomes. Augmented baseplates appear safe and effective, with no outcome advantage or disadvantage relative to standard designs in this system.
131. Nyffeler RW, Bissig P. Autologous humeral head bone grafting with the Affinis Vitamys cementless glenoid component for Walch B2 and B3 glenoids: Surgical technique and rationale. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100906
The authors describe a surgical technique using autologous humeral head bone grafting in combination with the cementless Affinis Vitamys glenoid component for managing Walch B2 and B3 glenoids. The technique aims to restore glenoid bone stock and correct posterior glenoid wear while preserving bone, leveraging a cementless implant. This approach offers an anatomic shoulder arthroplasty option for biconcave and posteriorly worn glenoids that might otherwise require more constrained solutions.
132. Vosooghi S, Ghamari BT, Kafiabadi MJ, et al. Metastatic Proximal Humeral Lesions and Pathological Fractures: An Evidence-Informed Framework for Evaluation and Management. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100908
This review presents an evidence-informed framework for evaluating and managing metastatic lesions and pathological fractures of the proximal humerus. It synthesizes current evidence on risk assessment (e.g., impending fracture criteria), imaging, and surgical versus nonsurgical treatment options. The framework is intended to guide clinicians in standardizing decision-making for this patient population.
133. Dhunna DP, Cook A, Nguyen KT, et al. Prevalence and Severity of Spin in Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Evaluating Treatment for Shoulder Instability. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.020
This systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on shoulder instability treatment used the Yavchitz taxonomy to assess 15 types of spin and evaluated methodological quality with standard tools. Spin was found to be prevalent in the shoulder instability evidence synthesis literature, and its presence was examined in relation to methodological rigor. Clinicians should interpret shoulder instability review evidence cautiously, as biased reporting may distort treatment and return-to-sport counseling.
134. Kuhn JE. The Trouble with TriNetX, COSMOS, and other Large Data Sets for Shoulder and Elbow Research. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2026.10.022
This commentary critiques the use of large administrative and proprietary databases such as TriNetX and COSMOS in shoulder and elbow research. It highlights methodological pitfalls, including coding inaccuracies, lack of granular clinical detail, and reporting of p-values without meaningful effect estimates or uncertainty measures. The author urges caution when drawing clinical conclusions from such datasets and calls for more rigorous reporting standards.
137. Itthipanichpong T, Jaidee K, Tangboonnitiwong N, et al. Association of Subacromial Tranexamic Acid Injection With Better Early Range of Motion and No Significant Difference in 2-Year MRI Tendon Integrity After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: Randomized Controlled Trial. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2026. doi:10.1177/23259671261486412
In this randomised controlled trial, patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair received either a subacromial tranexamic acid injection or no local treatment, with range of motion, pain scores, and 2-year MRI tendon integrity compared between groups. TXA injection was associated with better early postoperative range of motion without a significant difference in 2-year tendon integrity on MRI. Subacromial TXA appears safe for tendon healing and may facilitate earlier motion recovery, supporting its use to reduce postoperative stiffness after rotator cuff repair.
141. Tsujiku S, Miyatake K, Kusaba Y, et al. Complications Associated with Silent Manipulation: A Retrospective Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Observational Study. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101815
This retrospective MRI-based observational study examined complications associated with 'silent manipulation', manipulation performed without notable adverse events clinically, after shoulder procedures, using MRI findings to detect occult tissue damage. MRI revealed structural complications such as iatrogenic tissue injury in a subset of patients despite the manipulation being considered uneventful. The findings suggest that even apparently benign manipulation under anaesthesia carries subclinical risk detectable on imaging, warranting caution and careful technique selection.
142. Mace W, Dallas-Orr D, Lyndall N, et al. Sling-Related Discomfort and Daily Function After Shoulder Surgery: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101817
In this prospective cross-sectional study, patients recovering from shoulder surgery were surveyed regarding sling-related discomfort and its effect on daily function. Sling use was associated with meaningful discomfort and interference with daily activities during the recovery period. These findings highlight the patient burden of postoperative immobilisation and may guide efforts to improve sling design or individualize immobilisation protocols after shoulder surgery.
143. Shekhbihi A, Müller AM, Bauer S, et al. ‘‘Influence of Scapula Rotation und Humeral Position on the Distalization and Lateralization Shoulder Angles in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthoplasty’’. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101816
This study investigated how scapular rotation and humeral position affect measured distalization and lateralization angles on radiographs after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. Scapular rotation and humeral positioning significantly influenced these angle measurements, indicating that apparent distalization/lateralization can vary with patient positioning rather than implant placement alone. Standardised radiographic technique or alternative measurement methods are needed to accurately assess implant positioning in reverse shoulder arthroplasty.
144. Sakhat G, Sarkis C, Itani OW, et al. Quadrilateral Space Syndrome:A Case Report and Review of Literature. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100917
This case report with literature review describes a patient with quadrilateral space syndrome, characterized by compression of the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery, detailing the diagnostic workup and treatment. The accompanying review summarizes presentation, imaging findings, and management options for this rare cause of posterior shoulder pain and dysesthesia. Increased awareness of quadrilateral space syndrome is important for clinicians evaluating shoulder pain to avoid delayed diagnosis and appropriate treatment selection.
145. Man Mak RT, Shenouda M, Murrell GA. An evaluation of the relationship between trapezius elastographic stiffness and distal paraesthesia in patients with adhesive capsulitis. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100921
This study used elastography to measure trapezius muscle stiffness in patients with adhesive capsulitis and evaluated whether stiffness correlates with the presence of distal paraesthesia. The findings suggest an association between altered trapezius stiffness and sensory symptoms beyond the shoulder. Clinically, elastographic assessment may help identify patients with adhesive capsulitis who have associated neuromuscular involvement, informing more comprehensive evaluation and management.
146. Moon ER, Harlow E, Bodine M, et al. Ream-and-Run Procedure in Carefully Selected Patients Leads to Predictable Return to Strenuous Sport and Work. JSES International 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2026.101819
This study examined functional outcomes in carefully selected patients undergoing the ream-and-run procedure for glenohumeral arthritis, focusing on return to strenuous sports and work activities. The key finding was that appropriately chosen patients achieved a predictable and reliable return to high-demand activities after surgery. This supports the ream-and-run as a viable arthroplasty option, particularly for younger or high-demand patients seeking to avoid glenoid component-related complications.
148. Orbay J, Love A, Rivas R, et al. Clavicular Anatomical Inflection Point: Consistency and Location. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100918
This anatomical study sought to define the consistency and location of the clavicular anatomical inflection point, the transition between the medial and lateral curvature of the clavicle. The key finding was that the inflection point is a consistently identifiable landmark with a reproducible location across specimens. This information can guide implant design, fracture fixation planning, and plate contouring for clavicular surgery.
149. Phan N, Maestas AR, Walsh WM, et al. Takedown of Complete Glenohumeral Ankylosis with Pyrocarbon Hemiarthroplasty and Glenoid Interposition in a Young Adult: A Case Report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2026. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2026.100916
This case report describes a young adult with complete glenohumeral ankylosis who underwent surgical takedown using pyrocarbon hemiarthroplasty with glenoid interposition. The procedure successfully restored motion and function while preserving bone stock in a young patient. The report suggests this technique may be a useful motion-sparing alternative to arthrodesis reversal or total arthroplasty in young patients with complete ankylosis.